Preparation and characterization of composite palladium membranes on sinter-metal supports with a ceramic barrier against intermetallic diffusion

Development of thin Pd–Ag supported membranes for fluidized bed membrane reactors including WGS related gases

“…In general, it can be concluded that the catalyst active species seems not to be the reason for the decrease in permeance, since no Re, Ce or Pt could be found on the membrane surface, pointing towards the support material as the cause for the decrease in membrane permeance while the main responsible seems to be the interaction of Ti with the palladium layer. Interaction of TiO 2 and Pd was already observed by Dittmeyer and co-workers [29]. It is thus suggested to use a catalyst support based on a material that does not have interaction with palladium like alumina or zirconia-based supports.…”

Fabrication of H2-permeable palladium membranes based on pencil-coated porous stainless steel substrate

“…As reported in literature, ceramic coating is a very common pretreatment to improve the PSS surface and to prevent the intermetallic diffusion problem [12]. It will be ideal that the ceramic layer is defect-free and highly porous.…”

“…Compared with the porous ceramics which is currently the most popular substrate material, the PSS, on the other hand, is disadvantageous because it often has larger pore size, wider pore size distribution and higher surface roughness, causing more problems in membrane fabrication. Moreover, direct contact of the membrane layer with PSS will cause an intermetallic diffusion during long-term operation at high temperature [11,12].…”

Membranes in Energy Systems with CO 2 Capture

“…On the other hand, the thermal expansion coefficient of stainless steel is close to that of palladium [42]. However, inter-diffusion of metals between the membrane and the support occurring at high temperature causes deterioration in the performance of the membrane, therefore barrier layers such as porous silica, zirconia, titania, TiN, and porous Pd-Ag have been developed [32,[43][44][45]. For example, membranes prepared with a porous Pd-Ag composite layer by consecutive deposition of Pd and Ag layers have been stable under hydrogen permeation conditions for over 1400 h at temperatures exceeding 500 8C [46].…”