Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose-Based Nanofiltration Membranes by Interfacial Polymerization with Piperazine and Trimesoyl Chloride

Abstract

A hydrophilic bamboo cellulose nanofiltration membrane (IP-NF-BCM) was prepared through interfacial polymerization (IP) of amino-functional piperazine (PIP) and 1,3,5-trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on a cellulose surface. The in situ formation of polyamide into the mesoporous structure of the regenerated cellulose film created a uniform microporous membrane, which can be used for water softening by nanofiltration. The interfacial polymerization reaction conditions were optimized in terms of the performance of resultant nanofiltration membranes. The chemical structure, morphology, and surface charge of the composite membranes were characterized based on thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) nitrogen absorption. The water permeation and salt rejection capability of the bamboo cellulose thin-film-composite nanofiltration membranes were evaluated using 500 ppm salt solutions at 0.5 MPa pressure. Results show that the rejection rate for NaCl reached 40% and water flux reached 15.64 L/(m2·h). The average pore size of the bamboo cellulose thin-film-composite membranes was 1.0 nm.

3D-Printable Nanocellulose-Based Functional Materials: Fundamentals and Applications

“…Other possibilities include using polymers to change the surface properties, porosity, and wetting characteristics. Water permeation and salt rejection capabilities have been achieved by interfacial polymerization of amino-functional piperazine and 1,3,5-trimesolyl chloride on cellulose, which enabled applications in water purification [ 45 ]. Ultrathin nanocellulose shell microparticles were obtained via emulsion-templated colloidal assembly.…”

“…Even though 3D-printable nanocellulose-based composites are still in their infancy, there has been an increase in their applications in different fields ranging from biomedicine, including wound dressing, drug release, and tissue engineering, sensors, food, and packaging, to energy storage and electronics, with growing interest in other areas as well [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ], summarized in Figure 6 . This section discusses the recent development in 3D-printed nanocellulose-based composites for food, environmental, food packaging, energy, and electrochemical applications.…”

Flexible and conductive cellulose substrate by layered growth of silver nanowires and indium-doped tin oxide

“…As one of the most abundant natural resources, cellulose, is characterized by unique features including renewability, biodegradability, low thermal expansion, and eco-friendly properties (Yan and Xu 2015;Liu et al 2017;Zhang et al 2018Zhang et al , 2019a. This could lead to the development of light weight and low-cost green products.…”

Terraced and 3D Pyramid‐Shaped Polymer Single Crystal via Low Temperature‐Assisted Microfluidic Technology

“…The PEO single crystals formed a smooth and graded PEO singlecrystal film (Figure 1a). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an effective tool for studying polymer phase separation, [25] apparent morphology, [26][27][28] nanomechanics, [12] nanomanipulation, [29,30] and even folding of various materials. [31] As shown in Figure 1b, a rectangular patterned PEO crystal morphology design strategy is illustrated.…”