Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanofibrils from coconut coir fibers and their reinforcements in biodegradable composite films

Cellulose Isolated From Waste Rubber Wood and Its Application in PLA Based Composite Films

“…The possible explanation for this evident drop of T onset can be suggested as follows. Firstly, high crystallinity cannot ensure enhanced thermal stability especially when the sample size belongs to nanoscale, which is in good agreement with our early findings (Wu et al, 2019). Secondly, heat-labile sulfate esters formed on the surface of RW-CNC not only interrupt the linkages of intermolecular hydrogen bonds among RW-CNCs, but also turn out to be more vulnerable during TGA (Tuerxun et al, 2019).…”

“…To date, numerous species of lignocellulosic wastes (e.g., bagasse, cornstalk, coconut husk, etc.) have been attempted for isolation of cellulose (Ditzel et al, 2017;Tuerxun et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2019;Ejaz et al, 2020;Kian et al, 2020; and meanwhile the obtained cellulose could be further processed for high-value utilization.…”

“…Hainan is the largest production base of natural rubber in China and annually a vast amount of rubber wood (RW) wastes from both rubber plantation and rubber processing industry has been generated without efficient utilization. Therefore, rational development of this type of cellulose-rich feedstock not only mitigates the atmospheric pollution caused by conventional incineration of lignocellulosic wastes, but also excavates the intrinsic value of natural polymers present in biomass wastes for conversion of high value-added products (Abdulkhani et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2019;.…”

Production of cellulose nanofibrils and films from elephant grass using deep eutectic solvents and a solid acid catalyst

“…33 In the TGA curves presented by weight (%) and solid line, the apparent weight loss of the BLCNF-f lm began at 234 C, while the other three lms began at a higher temperature of 257 C under nitrogen atmosphere. From the DTG curves shown by the dotted line, it can be seen that all H 2 SO 4 -CNF-f, SCCNF-f and SCCNF-f lms exhibited a prominent pyrolysis process with mainly single degradation and the accompanying weight loss mostly occurred at 257-375 C. Whereas, the signicant pyrolysis of the BLCNF-f lm took place in a relatively low temperature range of 242-359 C, and was accompanied by an obvious shoulder around 242-296 C. The shoulder peak might be triggered by the degradation of hemicellulose since its lower thermal stability compared with lignin and cellulose, 34 and the BLCNF-f was speculated to have the highest hemicellulose content in all samples from the composition results in Table 1. In all curves, the weight loss in the temperature range of about 300-375 C should be attributed to the decomposition of lignin and cellulose.…”

Recent advances in 3D printing of nanocellulose: structure, preparation, and application prospects

“…Hence, some authors have driven the further development of mechanical isolation and evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of preparing nanocellulose using non-conventional mechanical treatments such as high-speed blending, steam explosion, 102 ball milling and highintensity ultrasonication. 97,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] Khawas and Deka have revealed that the introduction of high-intensity ultrasonication assisted the reduction of CNF size and diameter, which enhanced the thermal stability with increased degradation temperature from 260.81 o C to 295.33 o C when coupled with ultrasonication power of 1 kW. 105 The effectiveness of this approach has been further investigated by Zhang et al and Yazdanbakhsh et al who have successfully optimized combination of chemical-mechanical process.…”