Preparation and Characterization of Antimony-Doped Tin Dioxide Electrodes. Part 2. XRD and EXAFS Characterization

Abstract

Several antimony and platinum doped tin dioxide electrodes supported on titanium have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) techniques. Ti/SnO2−Sb electrodes show a rutile-type nanostructure with a distorted unit-cell because of the substitution of the Sn(IV) ion by Sb(V). The presence of platinum on the electrode coating modifies the lattice parameters of the SnO2 cell due to an amorphization of tin oxide layers. The structural modifications on the different electrode after anodic polarization−deactivation have been analyzed

The Kinetic Parameters of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) Calculated on Inactive Anodes via EIS Transfer Functions:•OH Formation

“…The detailed methodology to derive the impedance response of a physicochemical model can be found in Refs. 40,41 During a potentiostatic EIS experiment, the electrochemical system is driven by an input signal comprised of a small-amplitude sinusoidal wave superimposed on a constant dc potentialẼ: E =Ē +Ẽexp (jωt) =Ē + E [16] whereẼ is the phasor of the potential, j is the imaginary unit √ −1, ω is the frequency of the applied wave and t is the time. Since the amplitude of the input sinusoidal wave is very small in EIS ( E < 10 mV from peak to peak), the transient problem can be linearized and the response of each resulting dependent variable written as:…”

On the behaviour of doped SnO2 anodes stabilized with platinum in the electrochemical degradation of reactive dyes

“…The service life of doped SnO 2 anodes can be improved by the introduction of little amounts of platinum in the coating [1] and different papers can be found in the literature where Ti/SnO 2 -Sb-Pt anodes are characterised from an electrochemical and physicochemical point of view and confirming that platinum amount is low and it does not modify substantially the rutile-type structure of the SnO 2 [1,[8][9][10].…”

“…The results obtained by CV were analysed based on the previous works found in the literature [1,[8][9][10]. On the other hand, SECM is a novel technique for the characterisation of this type of anodes which allows studying surface characteristics at open circuit conditions.…”

Synthesize of nano-sized Pd metal catalyst on Ti-containing zeolite using a photo-assisted deposition (PAD) method

“…The impregnated catalyst (1.4 wt% as Pd metal) was also prepared as a reference (imp-Pd/TS-1) by the conventional impregnation method from an aqueous solution of PdCl 2 . The Ti K-edge XAFS spectra were recorded at room temperature in the fluorescence mode at BL-7C of Photon Factory of KEK, and the Pd K-edge XAFS spectra of these catalysts were recorded in transmittance mode at BL01B1 of SPring-8 [7,15]. The direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 from H 2 and O 2 and the oxidation of phenol was carried out in the slurry of Pd/TS-1 catalysts and water (0.01 M HC1) and/or acetnitril in a flow of H 2 and O 2 (80 mL min )1 , H 2 :O 2 = 1:1).…”