Vermiculite (V) from Brazil with aqueous solutions AgNO 3 and/or Cu(NO 3 ) 2 was used for preparation of nanocomposites V/Ag, V/Cu, V/AgCu and V/CuAg using two procedures and their effect on bacteria was compared. Structural changes were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Infrared spectroscopy (IRS) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Elemental chemical composition was determined using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis and the solutions were analyzed by Atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma (AES-ICP). Antibacterial properties of Ag-and Cu-vermiculites and combined Ag/Cu-vermiculites were tested on two bacteria groups: (1) Gram-positive, G + , (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and (2) Gram-negative, G -