Preparation and Characterization of Antheraea pernyi Silk Fibroin Based Nanohydroxyapatite Composites

Abstract

In the present study, Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (Ap-SF) is employed to regulate the mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanocrystals. Calcium phosphate crystals precipitate in the aqueous solution of regenerated Ap-SF at pH 7.4 and room temperature. The samples are charaterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on the XRD results, the inorganic phase in the mineralized Ap-SF composites is HAp as small particles with low crystallinity. The FTIR analysis reveals that the HAp crystals are carbonate-substituted HAp and compounded with Ap-SF. The TEM images show mineralized nanofibrils in the composites as rod-like shapes 4—5 nm in diameter. Electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of selected areas of the composites exhibit polycrystalline rings that are ascribed to HAp. SEM images show mineralized Ap-SF composites with several mineralized rods 49—74 nm in diameter.

Biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials based on calcium orthophosphates

“…These studies covered biocomposites with PLA 663 and many other biocompatible hybrid formulations. 279,320,335,417,[664][665][666][667][668][669][670][671][672][673][674][675][676][677][678][679][680][681][682][683] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned formulations might be covered by a layer of nanodimensional calcium orthophosphate, as was done by Zandi et al, who coated a biocomposite of nano-sized rods HA with gelatin by nano-sized HA. Several nanodimensional biocomposites were found to be applicable as carriers for delivery of drugs and growth factors 38,685-687 and were promising as vectors with ultra high gene loading and transfection efficiency.…”

“…708,709 More to the point, nucleation of apatite crystals onto collagen through a chemical interaction with carboxylate groups of collagen macromolecules has been reported in references 1130-1132. FTIR spectroscopy seems to be the major tool for studying a possible chemical bonding among the phases in calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials. 276,310,345,353,355,462,513,600,616,629,635,638,641,644,653,664,673,678,709,753,802,803,847,882,[1133][1134][1135][1136] For example, the characteristic bands at 2,918, …”

Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orthophosphates

“…The readers interested in various nanodimensional and nanocrystalline ion-substituted calcium orthophosphates are referred to the original publications. Furthermore, details on calcium orthophosphate-based nanodimensional biocomposites or nanodimensional calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104] are available in Refs. [105,106].…”

Calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials

“…FTIR spectroscopy seems to be the major investigation tool of a possible chemical bonding among the phases in calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials [220,280,287,289,382,420,502,517,526,529,536,539,541,544,549,556,565,570,595,633,666,667,726,910,911]. For example, the characteristic bands at 2918, 2850, and 1472 cm -1 for the hydrocarbon backbone of PE appeared to have zero shift in an HA/PE biocomposite.…”