Preparation and characterization of Antarctic krill oil/quercetin co-loaded liposomes and their protective effect on oleic acid-induced steatosis and oxidative stress in vitro

Abstract

This study aims to introduce a new nano-liposomes to co-load Antarctic krill oil (AKO) and Quercetin (QC), as a new delivery formulation to enrich the application of AKO and QC....

Advances in encapsulation systems of Antarctic krill oil: From extraction to encapsulation, and future direction

“…The polar heads of phospholipids are located on the external and internal surfaces of liposomes, which can encapsulate hydrophilic compounds in their internal water core, and their hydrophobic fatty acid chains are able to anchor hydrophobic compounds in their phospholipid bilayers (Ajeeshkumar et al, 2021). Due to their composition and structural similarities to cell membranes, liposomes can effectively cross cell membranes and transports the bioactive components inside the cell, to deliver lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds such as quercetin (Jangde & Singh, 2016;Li et al, 2024), curcumin (De Leo et al, 2018, astaxanthin (Sangsuriyawong et al, 2019), and epigallocatechin gallate (Fang et al, 2006) etc. (Bozzuto & Molinari, 2015).…”

“…This is because PC in AKO is easily hydrolyzed under acidic and alkaline condition, leading to the formation of lysophospholipids, which is not conductive to the formation of liposome structures, resulting in lower encapsulation efficiency (Ahmmed et al, 2020;Roy et al, 2016). Liposomes prepared using soy lecithin-embedded AKO and quercetin showed good oxidative stability and controlled release capability during simulated in vitro digestion (Li et al, 2024). AKO, which is rich in phospholipids, is able to self-emulsify into liposomes that can be rapidly digested and absorbed in vivo.…”

“…AKO's research is driven by its unique lipid composition. AKO contains high concentrations of ω−3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω−3 LCPUFAs: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 13.8-20.3%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 5.6-17.4%)), phospholipids (PLs, mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC, 44.58-99.80%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, 0.20-24.74%)) and astaxanthin (Figure 1) (Li et al, 2024). As DHA and EPA can only be produced by converting α-linolenic acid in the human body, and human blood levels of DHA and EPA are below 8% in most countries, they must be supplemented by diet (Kralovec et al, 2012;Stark et al, 2016).…”

Individual and interaction effects of monounsaturated fatty acids on their associations with hypertension in Chinese residents

“…However, in some experimental studies, the positive associations of MUFA18 with oxidative stress and lipid accumulation were shown. 10,11 Therefore, epidemiological studies with large sample sizes seemed necessary to further clarify the association of each individual MUFA with cardiovascular health. Moreover, no published findings disclosed the interaction effects among MUFAs on associations with hypertension, which might be a potential reason for not finding significant association in previous studies.…”