Preparation and characterization of a new high-performance polymer composite and its application as a lead-free polymer-based projectile

Abstract

Lead-based bullets are the major type of ammunition used all over the world. The high toxicity of this heavy metal directly affects the personnel manufacturing the projectiles and causes the contamination of the shooting ranges. To provide remedy, this work proposes cost-effective and highly performant polymer-based bullets intended to replace the traditional lead-based ones in a multitude of conventional weapons. The proposed new projectiles were elaborated from a high-performance phthalonitrile resin and several amounts of silane surface-modified chopped carbon fibers and bismuth oxide nanoparticles. The newly developed bullets were manufactured and tested for their precisions at 50 m and their velocities at 2 m from the barrel. The obtained results showed exceptional precisions with high velocities. Furthermore, the mechanical, thermal, and morphological investigations further confirmed the superior performances of these exceptional materials. It can be inferred that the produced bullets are suitable for ammunitions intended to be used for close combat and self-defense situations.

Artificial neural network prediction of thermal and mechanical properties forBi2O3‐polybenzoxazinenanocomposites

“…Silane coupling surface treatment has gain a particular interest in the domain of ceramic or metal polymer composites due to its ability to promote the good adhesion between such fillers and matrix, as well as their good dispersion. [55][56][57] The Bi 2 O 3 particles were previously modified by a KH-560 silane coupling agent. The pure and treated particles were compared by FTIR as shown in Figure 3.…”

Modeling and simulation on dynamic engraving process of small caliber armor-piercing projectile with lead-free aluminum filler

“…In the lead-free projectiles reported, the commonly used alternative materials can be divided into metal and polymer [10,11]. It is worth noting that most lead-free projectiles do not use the structure of jacket and core as the normal lead-based projectiles.…”

Influence of different crosslinking mixtures on the mechanical properties of composite solid rocket propellants based on HTPB

“…10,11 The mechanical characteristics of the propellants play a major role in the decision regarding the type of application to be performed to the grain (free standing or case bonded). 12,13 The hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) is the most popular polyol applied in recent years. 14 This liquid prepolymer has outstanding physical characteristics including the low temperature of glass transition, high tensile ability, and strong chemical resistance.…”