Preparation and characterisation of rutile titanium dioxide of special hollow microspheres

Abstract

Special rutile titanium dioxide (TiO 2) hollow microspheres were prepared successfully through hydrothermal methods when tetrabutyl titanate was adopted as raw material, β-cyclodextrin as template agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone as auxiliary agent. The effect of the concentration of hydrochloric acid and the temperature on the formation of TiO 2 morphology was discussed and the structure of the powders confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope. The colour of products changed from black to white after roasted, and the results of FT-IR and XRD measures showed its structure conforming to the rutile TiO 2. It was found that the TiO 2 powders were hollow microspheres, and its surface tightly wrapped by nanorods for uniform, smooth, and orientation rule, which was of larger specific surface area.

Rationally Designed Vanadium Pentoxide as High Capacity Insertion Material for Mg‐Ion

“…[ 38 ] Finally calcination at 350 °C leads to complete oxidation of V(OH) 2 NH 2 to V 2 O 5 . [ 39 ] It is worthy to mention here that the precursor concentration, pH value (10 in this case), and reaction time play the pivotal role in the formation of spherical morphology. The morphology of V 2 O 5 is depicted by SEM study, shown in Figure a,b.…”

“…However, these trapped Mg +2 ions act as layer pillars which improve the stability of the V 2 O 5 structure and provide excellent rate capability. [ 39 ] The voltage profiles versus specific capacity of the 10th, 50th, 100th cycle of V 2 O 5 spheres at current density of 50 mA g −1 are shown in Figure a. The profiles exhibit two distinct charge/discharge plateaus which correspond to intercalation/deintercalation of Mg +2 ions into the V 2 O 5 layers.…”

Theoretical Evaluation of Thermal Properties of TiO2 Anatase and Rutile by using Einstein-Debye Approximation

“…As a matter of fact, our formula to compute the n-dimensional Debye functions, occurring in Eq. (6), is faster with respect to other known proposed approaches. The accuracy of analytical method is acceptable and can be suggested for evaluation of other thermal properties of titanium dioxide.…”

“…The titanium dioxide TiO 2 plays important roles in fundamental studies, such as solar cells, biosensors, photocatalysis and thermoelectric devices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Titanium dioxide is found in nature in three forms as anatase, rutile, and brookite polymorphs.…”

“…The accurate evaluation problem of thermodynamic properties in various temperature ranges is extremely important for its application area to the conversion of heat into electric power [1,2]. In the studies dedicated to investigate the thermal properties of titanium dioxide, the various methods have been applied for the whole range of temperature [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Especially, in study [1], there are some significant numerical results of the isothermal bulk modules, heat capacities, entropy, thermal expansion coefficient and vibrational Helmholtz free energy for titanium dioxide.…”