Preparation and characterisation of novel cross-linked poly (IBOMA-BA-DFMA) latex

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this research was to synthesize a novel cross-linked latex copolymerised by butyl acrylate (BA), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA), hydroxy propyl methacrylate (HPMA) and dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA). IBOMA is a very useful functional monomer. Its molecular structure not only contains bornyl acetate alkoxy but also includes a double bond, which can be copolymerised with other unsaturated monomers via free radical polymerization. The large nonpolar bicyclic alkyl in bornyl acetate alkoxy offers the polymer chain strong space steric protection, which endows the polymer with some special properties. Design/methodology/approach – The semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation technology was adopted to copolymerise BA, IBOMA, HPMA and DFMA in the water phase, which was initiated with potassium persulfate (KPS) and emulsified with the mixed surfactants of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and OP-10. Findings – The particle size of the latex decreases with an increase in the amount of IBOMA. All the latexes have good mechanical stability and calcium ion stability. The latex has good film-forming property when the IBOMA amount is controlled moderately. The optimal IBOMA amount is 10.00 g. The thermal stability and water resistance of the film are improved. Practical implications – The latexes can be applied as a binder of coatings and adhesions. Originality/value – The effect of the amount of IBOMA and BA on the properties of the resultant latex and its film were investigated in detail. In comparison with the latexes copolymerised without IBOMA, the novel latex has better thermal stability and water resistance.

Nitroxide-Mediated Miniemulsion Polymerization of Bio-Based Methacrylates

“…DSC indicates a single T g for each statistical copolymerization, which is evidence of a homogeneous single-phase polymer . From these measurements, the T g of the final copolymer resins was predictably enhanced by increasing the [IBOMA]/[C13MA] ratio due to the higher T g of IBOMA-based resins. , The molecular structure of IBOMA consists of a six-membered ring, which improves the heat resistance of this monomer and the polymer resins consequently . Poly­(C13MA) resins have a T m and T g in both systems, which agrees with the literature for poly­(methacrylate)­s with long linear aliphatic carbon chains. , Figure illustrates the T g,theo s and T g s of IBOMA/C13MA copolymers prepared in two different systems (solution and emulsion).…”

“…In the present study, NMP of commercially available bio-based isobornyl methacrylate (Terra Visiomer IBOMA from Evonik) and C13 methacrylate (methacrylic ester 13.0, C13MA, from Evonik) was conducted in organic solvent and then in emulsion. IBOMA is derived from pine sap (produced by the reaction of camphene and methacrylic acid; the camphene was made by isomerization of terpenes derived from pine sap) and contains a bulky bicyclic group to afford high thermal stability, , resulting in a high glass transition temperature ( T g ≈ 110 – 200 °C), − and can be copolymerized with other monomers to improve heat resistance. ,, C13MA is obtained from plant oils and provides flexibility to resins due to its long aliphatic side chain . The low T g of poly­(C13MA) (−46 °C) is attractive for copolymerization with other monomers to impart flexibility to coatings and thermoplastic elastomers, for example. ,− RDRP in emulsion of bio-based monomers was reported via RAFT, in which Qi et al studied the RAFT emulsion polymerization of renewably sourced γ-methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone monomers.…”

“…In the present study, NMP of commercially available biobased isobornyl methacrylate (Terra Visiomer IBOMA from Evonik) and C13 methacrylate (methacrylic ester 13.0, C13MA, from Evonik) was conducted in organic solvent and then in emulsion. IBOMA is derived from pine sap (produced by the reaction of camphene and methacrylic acid; the camphene was made by isomerization of terpenes derived from pine sap 86 ) and contains a bulky bicyclic group to afford high thermal stability, 87,88 resulting in a high glass transition temperature (T g ≈ 110 − 200 °C), 89−92 and can be copolymerized with other monomers to improve heat resistance. 81,90,93 C13MA is obtained from plant oils and provides flexibility to resins due to its long aliphatic side chain.…”

Incorporation of methacryloisobutyl POSS in bio‐based copolymers by nitroxide mediated polymerization in organic solution and miniemulsion

“…26 IBOMA homopolymers have a high T g (T g = 110 to 200 C, depending on the molecular weight) [27][28][29][30] due to the bicyclic carbon-based group which contributes to improving hardness and thermal stability. 31,32 As C13MA has a long alkyl group, it can effectively serve as a polymerizable plasticizer, providing flexibility to the polymer chain (T g of poly[C13MA] homopolymer = −46 C). 27,33 To understand the incorporation of these three monomers, via terpolymerization by NMP of POSSMA/IBOMA/C13MA monomers in toluene was first studied.…”

“…IBOMA is a bio‐based monomer derived from terpenes 26 . IBOMA homopolymers have a high T g (T g = 110 to 200°C, depending on the molecular weight) 27–30 due to the bicyclic carbon‐based group which contributes to improving hardness and thermal stability 31,32 . As C13MA has a long alkyl group, it can effectively serve as a polymerizable plasticizer, providing flexibility to the polymer chain (T g of poly[C13MA] homopolymer = −46°C) 27,33 .…”