Preparation and Application of Iron Oxide Nanoclusters

Antone, Angelo J.; Sun, Zaicheng; Bao, Yuping

doi:10.3390/magnetochemistry5030045

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Thus, the obtained SPION-PEG clusters are suitable for many in vivo applications, either as enhanced contrast agents or as an alternative treatment of various tumors, through hyperthermia. Studies have shown that clustering of small SPIONs increases contrast due to magnetic field inhomogeneities and offers better MRI resolution than current FDA-approved Ferucarbotran, used at the same dose [ 28 , 95 ]. For future studies, the aspect of cluster size may be further addressed to avoid aggregation, as from the standpoint of histology, ultrastructure, and clearance, we consider the SPION-PEG clusters biocompatible platforms that are appropriate for application after specific adjustments and upgrades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal nanoclusters are a new type of platform that have different characteristics than singular nanoparticles. (Ultra)small nanoclusters (<20 nm) have been proven to have increased efficiency for catalytic, photoluminescence, coulorimetric, chemodynamic, and sensor activity in comparison with large-size nanoparticles [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. However, due to their size, they can interfere with normal metabolic activities in the cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vivo Distribution of Poly(ethylene glycol) Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoclusters: An Ultrastructural Study

et al. 2021

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The in vivo distribution of 50 nm clusters of polyethylene glycol-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs-PEG) was conducted in this study. SPIONs-PEG were synthesized de novo, and their structure and paramagnetic behaviors were analyzed by specific methods (TEM, DLS, XRD, VSM). Wistar rats were treated with 10 mg Fe/kg body weight SPIONs-PEG and their organs and blood were examined at two intervals for short-term (15, 30, 60, 180 min) and long-term (6, 12, 24 h) exposure evaluation. Most exposed organs were investigated through light and transmission electron microscopy, and blood and urine samples were examined through fluorescence spectrophotometry. SPIONs-PEG clusters entered the bloodstream after intraperitoneal and intravenous administrations and ended up in the urine, with the highest clearance at 12 h. The skin and spleen were within normal histological parameters, while the liver, kidney, brain, and lungs showed signs of transient local anoxia or other transient pathological affections. This study shows that once internalized, the synthesized SPIONs-PEG disperse well through the bloodstream with minor to nil induced tissue damage, are biocompatible, have good clearance, and are suited for biomedical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Distribution of Poly(ethylene glycol) Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoclusters: An Ultrastructural Study

et al. 2021

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“…Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoclusters. The iron oxide nanoclusters (∼200 nm) were synthesized using our well-established protocols 43,44 by heating the reactants (iron chloride, sodium acetate, and PAA) in ethylene glycol in a sealed Teflon-lined stainless steel hydrothermal reactor at 200 °C. In brief, FeCl 3 (0.8 mmol, 0.129 g) was dissolved in 30 mL of ethylene glycol followed by the addition of PAA water solution (8 mmol, 0.52 g) and sodium acetate (35 mmol, 2.87 g).…”

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of TrkB Binders from Complex Matrices Using a Magnetic Drug Screening Nanoplatform

Arıtuluk

Horne

Adhikari

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) have been shown to play an important role in numerous neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. The identification of biologically active compounds interacting with TrkB serves as a drug discovery strategy to identify drug leads for neurological disorders. Here, we report effective immobilization of functional TrkB on magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters, where TrkB receptors behave as “smart baits” to bind compounds from mixtures and magnetic nanoclusters enable rapid isolation through magnetic separation. The presence of the immobilized TrkB was confirmed by specific antibody labeling. Subsequently, the activity of the TrkB on iron oxide nanoclusters was evaluated with ATP/ADP conversion experiments using a known TrkB agonist. The immobilized TrkB receptors can effectively identify binders from mixtures containing known binders, synthetic small molecule mixtures, and Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) plant extracts. The identified compounds were analyzed by an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography system coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Importantly, some of the identified TrkB binders from Gotu Kola plant extracts matched with compounds previously linked to neuroprotective effects observed for a Gotu Kola extract approved for use in a clinical trial. Our studies suggest that the possible therapeutic effects of the Gotu Kola plant extract in dementia treatment, at least partially, might be associated with compounds interacting with TrkB. The unique feature of this approach is its ability to fast screen potential drug leads using less explored transmembrane targets. This platform works as a drug-screening funnel at early stages of the drug discovery pipeline. Therefore, our approach will not only greatly benefit drug discovery processes using transmembrane proteins as targets but also allow for evaluation and validation of cellular pathways targeted by drug leads.

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“…Alternatively, a clustering process can be produced through a direct aggregation of NPs during synthesis. (37,38) The polyol method has extensively been used in the last decade for this purpose. (39,40) Its versatility enables the formation of different types of aggregates with controlled morphologies ranging from nanoclusters to nanoflowers and hollow spheres.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Large Iron-Oxide Nanoparticle Clusters by Field-Dependent Magnetic Force Microscopy

et al. 2021

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Iron-oxide nanoparticles are intensively considered for high-performance biomedical applications, where simultaneous functionalities, such as magnetic state, large surface area for maximal protein/enzyme binding, high magnetization values to provide large signals, and good dispersion in liquid media, are usually required. In this context, the association of individual nanoparticles into large clusters is of particular interest. Here, we present a magnetic force microscopy (MFM) approach capable to image individual nanoparticulate clusters as large as 350 nm at room temperature and under variable magnetic fields. It is shown that an in situ removal of electrostatic interactions─particularly important for large particle sizes supported by dielectric substrates─in MFM experiments based on phase detection allows us to image the magnetic state of individual clusters. After taking into account the magnetization behavior of the microscope tip, the phase signal reveals a gradual and uniform rotation of the magnetization with the magnetic field and the absence of a hysteretic behavior for all investigated clusters.

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Preparation and Application of Iron Oxide Nanoclusters

Cited by 28 publications

References 68 publications

In Vivo Distribution of Poly(ethylene glycol) Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoclusters: An Ultrastructural Study

In Vivo Distribution of Poly(ethylene glycol) Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoclusters: An Ultrastructural Study

Identification of TrkB Binders from Complex Matrices Using a Magnetic Drug Screening Nanoplatform

Imaging Large Iron-Oxide Nanoparticle Clusters by Field-Dependent Magnetic Force Microscopy

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