Preoperative Patient and Lesion Features Are Valuable for Predicting the Prognosis of Resectable Peripheral Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the preoperative factors affecting the survival of patients with resectable peripheral nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to improve the management of NSCLC.Methods: One hundred ninety-nine patients with peripheral NSCLC diagnosed clinically without lymph node metastasis were enrolled. The preoperative computed tomography characteristics of the tumors were retrospectively analyzed and the preoperative clinical data were collected. The size of the solid components for lung adenocarcinomas containing ground-glass opacity (GGO) component were measured. Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to compare overall survival (OS) between groups. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were used to identify prognostic factors.Results: Survival analysis showed that the OS of the group with a tumor of 3 cm or less was longer than that of the group with a tumor greater than 3 cm, the OS of the group with GGO component was superior to that of the group without GGO component, and the OS of the group with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels was inferior to that of the group with normal CEA levels. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that tumor size, density, and preoperative CEA level were independent factors affecting OS, with hazard ratios of 2.401, 0.457, and 1.948, respectively. The analysis of lung adenocarcinomas with GGO component demonstrated that the mean size of the solid component in the nonsurviving group was significantly larger than that in the surviving group (mean, 23 ± 6.4 vs 8.6 ± 7.0 mm). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the solid component size of lung cancer containing GGO component to predict postoperative death was 0.932. Conclusions:Tumor size, density, and preoperative CEA level were independent prognostic factors of patients with resectable peripheral NSCLCs. Preoperative computed tomography findings can be valuable for predicting the prognosis of patients with NSCLC after surgery.