Prenylated xanthones and other constituents from the wood of Garcinia merguensis

Kijjoa, Anake; Pinto, Marcio José Filardi; González, Miguel; Nascimento, M.S.J.; Mondranondra, Ing-On

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1084468

Cited by 2 publications

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“…1), and one of the significant phytochemical constituents in the tropical fruit Garcinia mangostana (11)(12)(13). It has also been found in other Garcinia (G.) species, including G. dulcis (14), G. staudtii (15) G. merguensis (16) and G. cowa (17), and in the perennial tropical trees Cratoxylum cochinchinense (18), Cratoxylum arborescens (19), Cratoxylum formosum (20) and Pentadesma butyracea (21). In G. mangostana, α-mangostin is mainly found in the fruit pericarp (12,22) which has been traditionally used to treat several health conditions, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, wound infections, suppuration, and chronic ulcers (23).…”

Section: The Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms Of α-Mangostin In Car...mentioning

confidence: 97%

The metabolic and molecular mechanisms of α‑mangostin in cardiometabolic disorders (Review)

et al. 2022

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α-mangostin is a xanthone predominantly encountered in Garcinia mangostana. Extensive research has been carried out concerning the effects of this compound on various diseases, including obesity, cancer and metabolic disorders. The present review suggests that α-mangostin exerts promising anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on various pathways in cardiometabolic diseases. The anti-obesity effects of α-mangostin include the reduction of body weight and adipose tissue size, the increase in fatty acid oxidation, the activation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase and Sirtuin-1, and the reduction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression. Hepatoprotective effects have been revealed, due to reduced fibrosis through transforming growth factor-β 1 pathways, reduced apoptosis and steatosis through reduced sterol regulatory-element binding proteins expression. The antidiabetic effects include decreased fasting blood glucose levels, improved insulin sensitivity and the increased expression of GLUT transporters in various tissues. cardioprotection is exhibited through the restoration of cardiac functions and structure, improved mitochondrial functions, the promotion of M2 macrophage populations, reduced endothelial and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis, and reduced acid sphingomyelinase activity and ceramide depositions. The antioxidant effects of α-mangostin are mainly related to the modulation of antioxidant enzymes, the reduction of oxidative stress markers, the reduction of oxidative damage through a reduction in Sirtuin 3 expression mediated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α signaling pathways, and to the increase in Nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression levels. The anti-inflammatory effects of α-mangostin include its modulation of nuclear factor-κB related pathways, the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, increased macrophage polarization to M2, reduced inflammasome occurrence, increased Sirtuin 1 and 3 expression, the reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, the reduced expression of Toll-like receptors and reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels. These effects demonstrate that α-mangostin may possess the properties required for a suitable candidate compound for the management of cardiometabolic diseases. Contents1. Introduction 2. Anti-obesity effects of α-mangostin 3. Antidiabetic effects of α-mangostin 4. Anti-steatotic and hepatoprotective effects of α-mangostin 5. cardioprotective and anti-atherogenic effects of α-mangostin 6. Antioxidant effects of α-mangostin 7. Anti-inflammatory effects of α-mangostin 8. Toxicity and bioavailability of α-mangostin 9. Future perspectives 10. conclusions

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Section: The Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms Of α-Mangostin In Car...mentioning

confidence: 97%

The metabolic and molecular mechanisms of α‑mangostin in cardiometabolic disorders (Review)

et al. 2022

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“…Additionally, the bark, latex and root of G. cowa are used as an antifever agent while its fruits and leaves are used for indigestion, improvement of blood circulation and also as an expectorant [5,6]. The plants of this genus are also a rich source of xanthones [7], many of which exhibit interesting biological and pharmacological activities such as antibacterial [8,9] and anticancer properties [10]. As part of our ongoing research on the search for anticancer agents and antibiotics from natural sources, and since there are no previous reports on the chemical components and biological activity of G. succifolia , we have investigated its chemical constituents to evaluate their antibacterial activity against bacterial reference strains and multidrug-resistant isolates, as well as their inhibitory activity against the tyrosine kinase of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitory Activities of Polyhydroxylated Xanthones from Garcinia succifolia

et al. 2014

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Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the wood of Garcinia succifolia Kurz (Clusiaceae) led to the isolation of 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2), 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone (3), 1,5,6-trihydroxyxanthone (4), 1,6,7-trihydroxyxanthone (5), and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone (6). All of the isolated xanthones were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against bacterial reference strains, two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Bacillus subtillis ATCC 6633) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), and environmental drug-resistant isolates (S. aureus B1, Enteroccoccus faecalis W1, and E. coli G1), as well as for their epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity. Only 1,5,6-trihydroxy-(4), 1,6,7-trihydroxy-(5), and OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2014, 19 19924 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthones (6) exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, however none was active against vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. Additionally, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) showed synergism with oxacillin, but not with ampicillin. On the other hand, only 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1) and 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) were found to exhibit the EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 90.34 and 223 nM, respectively.

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Prenylated xanthones and other constituents from the wood of Garcinia merguensis

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

The metabolic and molecular mechanisms of α‑mangostin in cardiometabolic disorders (Review)

The metabolic and molecular mechanisms of α‑mangostin in cardiometabolic disorders (Review)

Antibacterial and EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitory Activities of Polyhydroxylated Xanthones from Garcinia succifolia

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