Prenatal undernutrition decreases the sensitivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in rat, as revealed by subcutaneous and intra-paraventricular dexamethasone challenges

Navarrete, Mario; Núñez, Harold; Ruíz, Samuel; Soto-Moyano, Rubén; Valladares, Luis; White, Allan; Pérez, Hernán

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2007.04.019

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although the weight gain from weaning to sacrifice was significant higher in the malnourished group, no differences were observed in body weight of young rats at sacrifi ce and in the brain/body weight relation, which is in agreement with previous works by our group (Soto-Moyano et al, 1998a;Soto-Moyano et al, 1998b;Navarrete et al, 2007). Malnutrition during gestation also resulted in a signifi cant brain weight defi cit in newborns (Table I).…”

Section: Macroscopic Studysupporting

confidence: 90%

“…At birth, to ensure adequate nutrition during lactation, prenatally malnourished pups were fostered to well-nourished dams giving birth on that day, according to rearing procedures already described (Morgane et al, 1993); pups born from well-nourished mothers were also fostered to well-nourished dams, in order to equalize among groups other factors that may depend on the rearing conditions (i.e. stress due to crossfostering) (Navarrete et al, 2007).…”

Section: Laboratory Animals and Experimental Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy of corpus callosum in prenatally malnourished rats

et al. 2012

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The effect of prenatal malnutrition on the anatomy of the corpus callosum was assessed in adult rats (45-52 days old). In the prenatally malnourished animals we observed a signifi cant reduction of the corpus callosum total area, partial areas, and perimeter, as compared with normal animals. In addition, the splenium of corpus callosum (posterior fi fth) showed a signifi cant decrease of fi ber diameters in the myelinated fi bers without changing density. There was also a signifi cant decrease in diameter and a signifi cant increase in density of unmyelinated fi bers. Measurements of perimeter's fractal dimensions from sagittal sections of the brain and corpus callosum did not show signifi cant differences between malnourished and control animals. These fi ndings indicate that cortico-cortical connections are vulnerable to the prenatal malnutrition, and suggest this may affect interhemispheric conduction velocity, particulary in visual connections (splenium).

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Section: Macroscopic Studysupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Laboratory Animals and Experimental Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of corpus callosum in prenatally malnourished rats

et al. 2012

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“…However, in ER, GR are underexpressed in the hypothalamus and pituitary. Navarrete et al [127] showed that 40-day-old offspring whose mothers were food restricted during gestation present higher corticosteronemia and respond less to dexamethasone suppression than the controls.…”

Section: Programming the Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Programming of Neuroimmunomodulation – Role of Adipocytokines and Neuropeptides

Moura¹,

Lisboa²,

Passos

2008

Neuroimmunomodulation

101

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Programming is an epigenetic phenomenon by which nutrition, environment and stress acting in a critical period earlier in life change the organism‘s development. This process was evolutionarily selected as an adaptive tool for the survival of organisms living in nutritionally deficient areas and submitted to stressful conditions. Thus, perinatal malnutrition turns on different genes that provide the organism with a thrifty phenotype. In conditions of abundant supply of nutrients, those programmed organisms can be at risk of developing metabolic diseases (obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypertension). How nutrition or neonatal stress can program the immune system is less well known. Here, we discuss some of the hormonal and metabolic changes that occur in mothers and neonates and how those factors can imprint hormonal or metabolic changes that program neuroimmunomodulatory effects. Some of these changes involve thyroid hormones, leptin, insulin, glucocorticoids and prolactin as potential imprinting factors. Most of them can be transferred through the milk and may change with malnutrition or stress. We discuss the programming effects of these hormones upon body weight, body composition, insulin action, thyroid, adrenal and immune and inflammatory responses, with special emphasis on leptin, a cytokine that seems to play a central role in these events.

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“…For example, in western scrub jays (Aphelocoma californica), postnatal food restriction elevated baseline levels of corticosterone in nestlings and exaggerated subsequent responses to acute stress in adults (Pravosudov & Kitaysky 2006). Such effects are known to persist beyond the early life environment across several taxa (birds: Spencer & Verhulst 2007Spencer, Evans & Monaghan 2009;Marasco et al 2012;Schmidt et al 2012Schmidt et al , 2014Drummond & Ancona 2015mammals: Meaney et al 1991Liu et al 1997;Meerlo et al 1999;Pryce et al 2005;Vieau et al 2007;Navarrete et al 2007; amphibians: Hu, Crespi & Denver 2008). Nonetheless, to my knowledge, no studies have examined the direct effects of chronic early life stress on both HPA axis function and how these effects carry-over to influence subsequent components of fitness, such as survival and dispersal, in the wild.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental effects of early‐life corticosterone on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and pre‐migratory behaviour in a wild songbird

et al. 2015

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Although laboratory studies have shown that chronic exposure to elevated glucocorticoids during development has profound effects on animals, we still have a poor understanding of the consequences of early-life stress on wild individuals. In an island population of Savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis), I examined multiple hypotheses to explain how elevated corticosterone exposure during the nestling period influenced both hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis function and the subsequent movement and survival of young after they fledged the nest. Corticosterone-treated nestlings had higher baseline corticosterone levels and lower stress reactivity than untreated individuals, and were more sensitive to inclement weather.Corticosterone-treated individuals also had higher rates of temporary emigration outside of the study site than sham or controls. My results provide support for both the ceiling hypothesis and CORT-activity hypothesis, and highlight the importance of tracking individuals across multiple life stages to understand how early life events carry-over to influence both physiology and behaviour.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Prenatal undernutrition decreases the sensitivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in rat, as revealed by subcutaneous and intra-paraventricular dexamethasone challenges

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Anatomy of corpus callosum in prenatally malnourished rats

Anatomy of corpus callosum in prenatally malnourished rats

Neonatal Programming of Neuroimmunomodulation – Role of Adipocytokines and Neuropeptides

Experimental effects of early‐life corticosterone on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and pre‐migratory behaviour in a wild songbird

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