Prenatal Psychosocial Factors and the Neuroendocrine Axis in Human Pregnancy

Wadhwa, Pathik D.; Dunkel-Schetter, Christine; Chicz-DeMet, Aleksandra; Porto, Manuel; Sandman, Curt A.

doi:10.1097/00006842-199609000-00006

Cited by 282 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…and their request for cesarean-section decreased (54). Inadequate childbirth-related training during pregnancy is one of the issues that should be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Fenwick Et Al (2009) Conducted a Study In Westernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Fear of Childbirth and Its Associated Factors in Primigravid Women: A Cross- Sectional Study

et al. 2017

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Background and Objectives: Fear of childbirth is a common concern among pregnant women, which is why many women request Cesarean section. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the prevalence of fear of childbirth and its associated factors in primigravid women in Khorramabad, Lorestan province, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 primigravid women (gestational age: 18 -32 weeks), who referred to the health centers and stations of Khorramabad in 2014 for routine prenatal care. The participants were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. Childbirth attitude questionnaire (CAQ), demographic characteristics and pregnancy characteristics questionnaires, and Northouse social support questionnaire were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, t test, Mann-Whitney test, and multivariate logistic regression.

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“…and their request for cesarean-section decreased (54). Inadequate childbirth-related training during pregnancy is one of the issues that should be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Fenwick Et Al (2009) Conducted a Study In Westernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Fear of Childbirth and Its Associated Factors in Primigravid Women: A Cross- Sectional Study

et al. 2017

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“…The forerunner of ACTH is the pro-hormone proopiomelanocortin (POMC), which is synthesized in various parts of the brain and other organs such as the intestine, the reproductive organs and also the placenta [23]. The most potent agonist for the secretion of ACTH is the CHR in the anterior pituitary gland.…”

Section: Clinical Syndromes In the Early Stages Of Life As A Results mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stress response mediated by glucocorticoids in the CNS, is done through the receptor type I and II. The type I plays an important role in modulating the response to the environment and the emotional stimuli, with changes in behaviour and the activity of the HPA axis [23]. The type II participates in the behaviour and neuroendocrine and autonomic response to stress [24].…”

Section: Interaction Between Maternal Stress and Preterm Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In modern medicine, it was Selye (1936). Who proposed one of the most complete definitions of the pathophysiology of stress Hans Selye identified four states of reaction to stress: [23] • Alarm reaction: characterized by sympathetic-adreno-medullar immediate download • State of resistance: activation of the HPA axis • General Adaptation Syndrome: adrenal hypertrophy, gastroduodenal ulceration, thymic atrophy and lymphoid…”

Section: Patho-physiology Of Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eugenic Therapy and the Metabolic Syndrome

Quintero¹

2017

Epidemiology

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SummaryIndependent of the clinical syndrome that results in chronic inflammation, there is an overlap of the different etiopathogenic factors in the most common diseases of the modern era. Its pathogenesis also has similar pathophysiological mechanisms. Independent of the clinical syndrome that results in chronic inflammation, there is an overlap of the different etiopathogenic factors in the most common diseases of the modern era. Its pathogenesis also has similar pathophysiological mechanisms. These two facts prompt us, independent of the particular therapeutic connotations for each disease, to establish certain measures of prevention and treatment, also common, where precisely the holistic treatments that seek to Systemic homeostasis, are appropriate. These are the biological treatments, where the homo-toxicology, without a doubt, stands out as one of the best therapeutic alternatives.The universal concept of inflammation allows us to understand more than just the symptom and going beyond a therapeutic protocol, unfortunately a lasting solution is not in our hands and may be the anthropology, sociology and ecology, the sciences involved in the definitive solutions. In the meantime, to understand that the chronic disease of the adult may have originated during gestation or before the same. We have to look at humanity in full, in its family nucleus, interacting with an environment, in a dynamic process, involutionary and evolutionary at the same time, but it will be the knowledge of our own nature which will allow a better pathogenetic and therapeutic approach.At the end of the first millennium and the start of the second a new profile in sicknesses made itself evident and it would be naive as to think that there was no epidemic relationships between the illnesses that made them up. In today's society, the analysis of each individual sickness, without taking into account the biological changes surrounding the environment in the development of modern day life, would isolate man as a strange object in his own universe and perpetuate the reductionist concept of the Cartesian medicine where the dismembering of the human body in its sickness makes an important part of its philosophy. Under the integration prism of the environmental conditions we shall analyse the epidemic variants in the prevailing illnesses. And in one medical concept we will integrate the environmental changes with the psycho, neuro, endocrine and immunological alterations of the organism, which is the origin of almost all human disease.Keeping in mind the environmental conditions for thousands of years in the life development were relatively stable. Evolution made a permanent adjustment that allows the successful existence of life on the planet. Unfortunately, in the last few decades, human life and its relation with the stability of nature around it have changed in such a violent and extreme manner that the human being, from the biological point of view, is not prepared to defend and prosses the information which an adverse environment supplies ...

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“…Chronic stress and acute stress may exert different effects on fetal development and perinatal outcomes. Several authors have reported lower birth weight and shortened gestation in children born to mothers exposed to chronic stress compared to acute stress (Chrousos and Gold 1992;Rini et al 1999;Sable and Wilkinson 2000;Wadhwa et al 1996). Likewise, there is increasing evidence that exposure to forms of toxic stress in early life alters stress responses in adulthood.…”

Section: Chronic and Acute Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Course Health Development Outcomes After Prematurity: Developing a Community, Clinical, and Translational Research Agenda to Optimize Health, Behavior, and Functioning

Msall

Sobotka

Dmowska

et al. 2017

Handbook of Life Course Health Development

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Long-term survival for infants born extremely prematurely (<28 weeks of gestation) and extremely low birth weight (<1000 g) has increased dramatically due to obstetrical and neonatal advances. However, poverty, inequality, and resulting health disparities are significant contributors to women who give birth to preterm infants and also impact their children’s healthy development and education. While the vast majority of survivors of extreme prematurity do not have the most severe forms of neurodevelopmental disability (i.e., cerebral palsy, blindness, sensorineural hearing loss >55 dB, and intellectual disability), half of survivors can be expected to require special education services at kindergarten entry and during their school years. In addition, there are also high rates of health disparities in the prevalence of preterm birth across the spectrum of gestations including very preterm (28–31 weeks), moderate preterm (32–33 weeks), and late preterm births (34–36 weeks). Life course health development offers a valuable framework for examining how complex medical and social adversities that impact a mother’s health can also impact their child’s health and developmental trajectories. A better understanding of the cumulative impact of protective factors and other buffers that can support prenatal and postnatal parental and child health will provide important insights into how to promote greater resiliency and optimal health development. This population-based information can provide ongoing data for thriving developmental health trajectories for vulnerable preterm survivors with respect to physical, behavioral, and social health outcomes. Though premature infants who receive comprehensive early intervention and preschool educational supportive services have improved outcomes at kindergarten entry, school-age survivors, even those escaping major neurodevelopmental diagnoses, have challenges which impact attention, behavioral regulation, academic achievement, and social skills compared to their full-term peers. Unfortunately, many essential services that can contribute to better outcomes are unnecessarily fragmented and not systematically implemented to provide preventive interventions that optimize health, learning, executive function, social, and adaptive competencies. These cumulative medical, developmental, and social risks among preterm survivors adversely impact long-term adult physical and behavioral health, educational attainment, and social participation. In order to address these disparities, more precise, population-based, health development interventions aimed at optimizing physical and behavioral health, educational achievement, and adaptive competencies will be required. We recommend research strategies to inform our efforts for improving life course outcomes.

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Prenatal Psychosocial Factors and the Neuroendocrine Axis in Human Pregnancy

Cited by 282 publications

References 112 publications

Prevalence of Fear of Childbirth and Its Associated Factors in Primigravid Women: A Cross- Sectional Study

Prevalence of Fear of Childbirth and Its Associated Factors in Primigravid Women: A Cross- Sectional Study

Eugenic Therapy and the Metabolic Syndrome

Life Course Health Development Outcomes After Prematurity: Developing a Community, Clinical, and Translational Research Agenda to Optimize Health, Behavior, and Functioning

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