Prenatal Malnutrition and Adult Schizophrenia: Further Evidence From the 1959-1961 Chinese Famine

Ming, Xu; Sun, Wen; Liu, Ben Xiu; Feng, Guo; Yu, Lan; Yang, Lawrence H.; He, Guang; Sham, Pak C.; Süsser, Ezra; Clair, David St; He, Lin

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn168

Cited by 216 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar associations between early-life famine exposure and subsequent elevated chronic disease risk were reported following the Biafran conflict of 1968 to 1970 [182], and the Chinese famine of 1959 to 1961 [183][184][185][186]. In the latter, early-life exposure was also associated with increased risk of schizophrenia [187,188]. In non-conflict settings it is common for chronic disease in adults to affect their offspring, both biologically and economically via loss of earnings.…”

Section: Intergenerational Associationsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Emotional Abuse Towards Children by Schoolteachers in Aden Governorate, Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study

2015

Childhood Adversity and Developmental Effects

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Background: The short-and medium-term effects of conflict on population health are reasonably well documented. Less considered are its consequences across generations and potential harms to the health of children yet to be born. Discussion: Looking first at the nature and effects of exposures during conflict, and then at the potential routes through which harm may propagate within families, we consider the intergenerational effects of four features of conflict: violence, challenges to mental health, infection and malnutrition. Conflict-driven harms are transmitted through a complex permissive environment that includes biological, cultural and economic factors, and feedback loops between sources of harm and weaknesses in individual and societal resilience to them. We discuss the multiplicative effects of ongoing conflict when hostilities are prolonged. Summary: We summarize many instances in which the effects of war can propagate across generations. We hope that the evidence laid out in the article will stimulate research and -more importantly -contribute to the discussion of the costs of war; particularly in the longer-term in post-conflict situations in which interventions need to be sustained and adapted over many years.

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Section: Intergenerational Associationsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Emotional Abuse Towards Children by Schoolteachers in Aden Governorate, Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study

2015

Childhood Adversity and Developmental Effects

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“…With regard to influenza virus, Parboosing and collaborators found nearly 4-fold increase in the risk of BD (OR= 3.82 95% CI=1.58-9.24) after exposure to maternal influenza at any time during pregnancy (Parboosing et al 2013). A study demonstrated that malnutrition during pregnancy determines 2-fold increased risk of SCH in a sample of 52-011 newborns (RR=2.25 95% CI=2.00-2.52) (Xu et al 2009). In addition, children born from 32 to 36 weeks' gestation were found to be more likely to have non-affective psychosis (OR=1.3 95% CI 1.1-1.7) and BD (OR=2.7 95% CI 1.6-4.…”

Section: Head Injuries Substance Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopmental Versus Neurodegenerative Model of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Comparison With Physiological Brain Development and Aging

et al. 2017

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“…[76,144,145] More recently, evidence from the Chinese famine of 1959-1961, Biafran famine of 1967-1970, and Ukrainian famine of 1932-1933 have shown increased risks of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, mental health issues, and other chronic diseases (Table 2). [66][67][68]72,73,84,85] The Irish, Bangladeshi, Finnish, Soviet Union, and the Gambian famine have also been reported. [69,146,147] It is thus likely that other cases of famine adversely affected the health of offsprings coming from that exposure but lack of reliable documentary data make it hard to link present day NCCDs to those earlier exposures.…”

Section: Starvationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Traditional Food and Lifestyle Behavior on Epigenetic Burden of Chronic Disease

Imam

Ismail

2017

Global Challenges

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There are already extensive reviews on the global burden of NCCDs in the public domain. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The consensus that can be surmised from the available data on NCCDs is that their overall prevalence appears to be rising globally and the projections indicate an upward trend. Epidemiological transition data suggests that the morbidity and mortality rate from these diseases is far more than that of communicable diseases in the developed world [7] and a similar trend is now occurring in the low to medium income countries (LMICs). [8] Among the NCCDs, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, followed closely by metabolic diseases like Noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. The mismatch between present day diets and ancestral genome is suggested to contribute to the NCCDs burden, which is promoted by traditional risk factors like unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, alcohol and tobacco. However, epigenetic evidence now suggests that cumulatively inherited epigenetic modifications may have made humans more prone to the effects of present day lifestyle factors. Perinatal starvation was widespread in the 19th century. This together with more recent events like increasing consumption of western and low fiber diets, smoking, harmful use of alcohol, physical inactivity, and environmental pollutants may have programed the human epigenome for higher NCCDs risk. In this review, on the basis of available epigenetic data it is hypothesized that transgenerational effects of lifestyle factors may be contributing to the current global burden of NCCDs. Thus, there is a need to reconsider prevention strategies so that the subsequent generations will not have to pay for our sins and those of our ancestors. Cardiovascular DiseasesDr. M. U. Imam

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Prenatal Malnutrition and Adult Schizophrenia: Further Evidence From the 1959-1961 Chinese Famine

Abstract: We observe a 2-fold increased risk of schizophrenia among those conceived or in early gestation at the height of famine with risk related to severity of famine conditions.

Cited by 216 publications

References 21 publications

Emotional Abuse Towards Children by Schoolteachers in Aden Governorate, Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study

Emotional Abuse Towards Children by Schoolteachers in Aden Governorate, Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study

Neurodevelopmental Versus Neurodegenerative Model of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Comparison With Physiological Brain Development and Aging

The Impact of Traditional Food and Lifestyle Behavior on Epigenetic Burden of Chronic Disease

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