Prenatal Isoflurane Exposure Induces Developmental Neurotoxicity in Rats: the Role of Gut Microbiota

Electroacupuncture intervention alleviates depressive-like behaviors and regulates gut microbiome in a mouse model of depression

“…In addition, previous studies found that inhalation anesthesia can directly affect the gut microbiota in rodents [ 74 , 75 ], we cannot rule out the potential effect of inhaling anesthetics on gut microbiota due to mice being anesthetized during EA stimulation. Moreover, other factors such as gender can also lead to differences in microbial composition [ 76 ].…”

The impact of electroacupuncture on anxiety-like behavior and gut microbiome in a mouse model of chronic restraint stress

“…Notably, the changes in microbiota after CRS modeling (Control vs. CRS) were considerably more pronounced than those following sham EA intervention (Sham vs. CRS + fEA). This difference may be attributed to the recovery of the bacterial community 1 week after intervention, although the potential impact of anesthesia on the microbiota cannot be discounted ( Serbanescu et al, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2022 ). In addition, fecal collection and behavioral testing were conducted after CRS, and the correlation between the two was analyzed.…”

Research progress on molecular mechanisms of general anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment in the developing brain

“…General anesthetics can lead to dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of neonatal mice ( 87 ), and studies have shown that the pathogenesis of isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in the developing brain may be related to the altered gut microbiota structure of juvenile rats caused by exposure ( 88 ). Recently, Wang et al ( 89 ) found that the diversity and composition of their gut microbiota were significantly altered in juvenile rats prenatally exposed to isoflurane, and reduced BDNF expression was detected in the hippocampus. The imbalance of intestinal flora may be related to the pathogenesis of postpartum cognitive impairment in neonatal rats caused by maternal isoflurane exposure, which may be related to changes in immune response and increased susceptibility to infection.…”