Prenatal exposure to systemic antibacterials and overweight and obesity in Danish schoolchildren: a prevalence study

Mor, Anil; Antonsen, Steen; Kahlert, Johnny; Holsteen, V; Jørgensen, Siv Lykke; Holm-Pedersen, Jytte; Sørensen, Henrik Toft; Pedersen, Oluf; Ehrenstein, Véra

doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.129

Cited by 69 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The study by Korpela et al only reported the r -value from linear correlation analysis, but did not report the difference in the z -score of childhood BMI or weight (43). Ultimately, 15 cohort studies involving 445,880 participants were included (17–24, 29, 33, 39, 41, 45, 48, 49) (Figure 1). Table 1 showed the characteristics of those 15 cohort studies (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among those 15 studies, 7 studies assessed the relationship between antibiotic exposure and childhood overweight (17, 22–24, 33, 39, 41), 7 studies assessed the relationship between antibiotic exposure and childhood obesity (19, 20, 23, 29, 39, 45, 48), 7 studies analyzed the influence of antibiotic exposure on childhood BMI (18, 20, 22, 23, 41, 45, 49), and 2 studies assessed the influence of antibiotic exposure on childhood body weight (21, 22) (Table 1). Twelve studies assessed the relationship between antibiotic exposure during infancy and childhood adiposity, and four studies examined the impact of prenatal antibiotic exposure on childhood adiposity (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve studies assessed the relationship between antibiotic exposure during infancy and childhood adiposity, and four studies examined the impact of prenatal antibiotic exposure on childhood adiposity (Table 1). Six studies reported data for the dose–response meta-analysis (19, 22, 24, 39, 41, 45). All studies reported adjusted risk estimates, but the confounding factors were different (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic Exposure in Early Life Increases Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2017

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A number of studies have previously assessed the impact of antibiotic exposure in early life on the risk of childhood obesity, but no systematic assessment is currently available. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively and quantitatively elucidate the risk of childhood obesity caused by antibiotic exposure in early life. Literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Random-effect meta-analysis was used to pool the statistical estimates. Fifteen cohort studies involving 445,880 participants were finally included, and all those studies were performed in developed countries. Antibiotic exposure in early life significantly increased risk of childhood overweight [relative risk (RR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.35, P < 0.001] and childhood obesity (RR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.13–1.30, P < 0.001). Antibiotic exposure in early life also significantly increased the z-score of childhood body mass index (mean difference: 0.07, 95% CI 0.05–0.09, P < 0.00001). Importantly, there was an obvious dose–response relationship between antibiotic exposure in early life and childhood adiposity, with a 7% increment in the risk of overweight (RR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.15, P = 0.03) and a 6% increment in the risk of obesity (RR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.09, P < 0.001) for each additional course of antibiotic exposure. In conclusion, antibiotic exposure in early life significantly increases risk of childhood obesity. Moreover, current analyses are mainly taken from developed countries, and therefore the impact of antibiotic exposure on risk of childhood obesity in vulnerable populations or developing countries still needs to be evaluated in future studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic Exposure in Early Life Increases Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2017

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“…In that sense, Mueller et al observed in a U.S. cohort that the administration of antibiotics to women in the last two trimesters of pregnancy increased 84% the risk of obesity in children at 7 years old compared to children born to mothers without antibiotics administration at the same period [110]. Also, Mor et al observed similar results in a study performed in Denmark where they showed that prenatal exposure to systemic antibacterials was associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity at school age, and this association varies by birth weight [111].…”

Section: Epidemiologic Evidencementioning

confidence: 80%

Human Gut Microbiota and Obesity During Development

Cerdó¹,

Ruiz²,

Campoy³

2017

Adiposity - Omics and Molecular Understanding

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Obesity, particularly in children and adolescents, has become a signiicant public health problem that has reached "epidemic" status worldwide. The etiology of obesity is complex and involves lifestyle factors that are challenging to modify. The intestinal microbiota contribute to protection against pathogens, maturation of the immune system, and metabolic welfare of the host but, under some circumstances, can contribute to the pathogenesis of certain diseases. Over the last decade, novel evidence from animal and human studies has identiied associations between human intestinal bacteria and host metabolism and obesity. Infancy is a critical period in the development of the gut microbiota: initial colonization is inluenced not only by a number of early-life exposures, including birth mode, infant nutrition, or antibiotic use, but also by maternal factors during pregnancy, including maternal BMI, nutrition, gut microbial composition, and drug exposure, among others. Thus, an adequate nutritional and microbial environment during the perinatal period and early life may provide windows of opportunity to reduce the risk of obesity and overweight in our children by using targeted strategies aimed to modulate the gut microbiota during early life.

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“…Additionally, changes in the microbiome can have particularly compelling effects on tertiary phenotypes, which can affect the well-being of individuals. For example a Danish cohort study of prenatal exposure to antibacterial agents found an increased risk of being obese and overweight later in life in individuals with prenatal exposure to systemic antibacterials (20). Another study, in Canada, showed that the alteration of microbial compositions affects the risk of childhood asthma (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Oral Buccal Microbiomes Are Associated with Farmworker Status and Azinphos-Methyl Agricultural Pesticide Exposure

Stanaway

Wallace

Shojaie

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In a longitudinal agricultural community cohort sampling of 65 adult farmworkers and 52 adult nonfarmworkers, we investigated agricultural pesticide exposure-associated changes in the oral buccal microbiota. We found a seasonally persistent association between the detected blood concentration of the insecticide azinphos-methyl and the taxonomic composition of the buccal swab oral microbiome. Blood and buccal samples were collected concurrently from individual subjects in two seasons, spring/summer 2005 and winter 2006. Mass spectrometry quantified blood concentrations of the organophosphate insecticide azinphosmethyl. Buccal oral microbiome samples were 16S rRNA gene DNA sequenced, assigned to the bacterial taxonomy, and analyzed after "centered-log-ratio" transformation to handle the compositional nature of the proportional abundances of bacteria per sample. Nonparametric analysis of the transformed microbiome data for individuals with and without azinphos-methyl blood detection showed significant perturbations in seven common bacterial taxa (Ͼ0.5% of sample mean read depth), including significant reductions in members of the common oral bacterial genus Streptococcus. Diversity in centered-log-ratio composition between individuals' microbiomes was also investigated using principal-component analysis (PCA) to reveal two primary PCA clusters of microbiome types. The spring/summer "exposed" microbiome cluster with significantly less bacterial diversity was enriched for farmworkers and contained 27 of the 30 individuals who also had azinphos-methyl agricultural pesticide exposure detected in the blood. IMPORTANCEIn this study, we show in human subjects that organophosphate pesticide exposure is associated with large-scale significant alterations of the oral buccal microbiota composition, with extinctions of whole taxa suggested in some individuals. The persistence of this association from the spring/summer to the winter also suggests that long-lasting effects on the commensal microbiota have occurred. The important health-related outcomes of these agricultural community individuals' pesticide-associated microbiome perturbations are not understood at this time. Future investigations should index medical and dental records for common and chronic diseases that may be interactively caused by this association between pesticide exposure and microbiome alteration.KEYWORDS farmworkers, azinphos-methyl, oral, microbiome, bacteria, buccal mucosa, 16S rRNA, sequencing

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Prenatal exposure to systemic antibacterials and overweight and obesity in Danish schoolchildren: a prevalence study

Abstract: Prenatal exposure to systemic antibacterials is associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity at school age, and this association varies by birth weight.

Cited by 69 publications

References 53 publications

Antibiotic Exposure in Early Life Increases Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Antibiotic Exposure in Early Life Increases Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Human Gut Microbiota and Obesity During Development

Human Oral Buccal Microbiomes Are Associated with Farmworker Status and Azinphos-Methyl Agricultural Pesticide Exposure

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