Prenatal exposure to organohalogen compounds and children’s mental and motor development at 18 and 30 months of age

M, Ruel; Bos, Arend F.; Soechitram, Shalini D.; Meijer, Lisethe; Sauer, Pieter; Berghuis, Sietske A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2019.01.003

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In this study we also found that higher exposure to PCB-153 was, marginally significant, negatively associated with mental development at 18 months. 35 This is in line with other studies that also showed that PCB-153 was more often associated with developmental outcomes in children. 77,78 A possible explanation for the fact that PCB-153 in particular was found to be associated with neurological development is that it is the most abundant PCB-congener.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…75,76 At follow-up at the age of 18 and/or 30 months, we found that prenatal exposure to several organohalogen compounds (OHCs) was associated with mental and motor development. 35 Our most important finding was that OH-PCBs seem to have more effects on neurological development compared with PCBs. Higher exposure to 4-OH-PCB-187 was associated with delayed mental development at 18 months and four OH-PCB congeners and the sum of the measured OH-PCBs correlated positively with mental development at 30 months.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…For example OH-PCB-153 is related to lower scores on the mental scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II in children at 18 months. 35 It has also been related to motor scores in children at 6 years of age. 36 Others reported effects of prenatal PCB exposure on neurologic performance and cognitive development at 6À11 years of age.…”

Section: Pcbs and Neurodevelopmental Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Prenatal exposure to PCBs and neurological and sexual/pubertal development from birth to adolescence

Berghuis

Roze

2019

Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care

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Several chemical compounds are resistant to degradation and end up in the food chain. One group of these chemicals is polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) which are used as flame retardants and plasticizers. Although PCBs were banned several decades ago, PCBs are still found in environmental media, including in the body of humans. PCBs are transferred from mother to fetus via the placenta during pregnancy. Considering that the prenatal period is a sensitive period during which essential developmental processes take place, exposure to environmental chemicals might have considerable and permanent consequences for outcomes in later life. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the latest insights on the effects of prenatal exposure to PCBs on neurological, sexual and pubertal development in children. We give an overview of recent literature, and discuss it in the light of the findings in a unique Dutch birth cohort, with data on both neurological and pubertal development into adolescence. The findings in the studies included in this review, together with the findings in the Dutch cohort, demonstrate that prenatal exposure to PCBs can interfere with normal child development, not only during the perinatal period, but up to and including adolescence. Higher prenatal exposure to PCBs was found to be both negatively and positively associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Regarding pubertal development, higher prenatal PCB exposure was found to be associated with more advanced pubertal development, also in the Dutch cohort, whereas other studies also found delayed pubertal development. These findings raise concern regarding the effects of man-made chemical compounds on child development. They further contribute to the awareness of how environmental chemical compounds can interfere with child development and negatively influence healthy ageing.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Pcbs and Neurodevelopmental Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Prenatal exposure to PCBs and neurological and sexual/pubertal development from birth to adolescence

Berghuis

Roze

2019

Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care

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“…In adolescent children, exposure to hydroxylated PCBs during gestation was negatively associated with long-term memory while other parameters, such as auditory attention, had less frequent sub-optimal scores with higher exposures to hydroxylated PCBs [90]. Another recent study observed a positive association between hydroxylated PCBs and mental development in children 30 months of age, while hydroxylated PCB 187 was associated with a lower mental development index at 18 months of age [94]. The reasons for the discrepant findings of the association between hydroxylated PCB exposure and cognitive performance are not known but could be linked to the diverse effects of PCB metabolites on dendritic architecture (see Section 3) and/or endocrine disruption.…”

Section: Neurobehavioral Effects Of Developmental Pcb Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 97%

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Risk Factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Panesar

Kennedy

Stietz

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a group of multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorders defined clinically by core deficits in social reciprocity and communication, restrictive interests and repetitive behaviors. ASD affects one in 54 children in the United States, one in 89 children in Europe, and one in 277 children in Asia, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1–2%. While there is increasing consensus that ASD results from complex gene x environment interactions, the identity of specific environmental risk factors and the mechanisms by which environmental and genetic factors interact to determine individual risk remain critical gaps in our understanding of ASD etiology. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been linked to altered neurodevelopment in humans. Preclinical studies demonstrate that PCBs modulate signaling pathways implicated in ASD and phenocopy the effects of ASD risk genes on critical morphometric determinants of neuronal connectivity, such as dendritic arborization. Here, we review human and experimental evidence identifying PCBs as potential risk factors for ASD and discuss the potential for PCBs to influence not only core symptoms of ASD, but also comorbidities commonly associated with ASD, via effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems, and/or peripheral target tissues, using bladder dysfunction as an example. We also discuss critical data gaps in the literature implicating PCBs as ASD risk factors. Unlike genetic factors, which are currently irreversible, environmental factors are modifiable risks. Therefore, data confirming PCBs as risk factors for ASD may suggest rational approaches for the primary prevention of ASD in genetically susceptible individuals.

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“…No statistically significant association was found. Ruel et al (2019) investigated the association between exposure to organohalogen compounds (including HBCDDs) and child development (mental and motor) at the age of 18 months. No statistically significant association was found.…”

Section: Observations In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the risk assessment of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in food

Schrenk

Bignami

Bodin³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2011 risk assessment on hexabromocyclododecanes ( HBCDD s) in food. HBCDD s, predominantly mixtures of the stereoisomers α‐, β‐ and γ‐ HBCDD , were widely used additive flame retardants. Concern has been raised because of the occurrence of HBCDD s in the environment, food and in humans. Main targets for toxicity are neurodevelopment, the liver, thyroid hormone homeostasis and the reproductive and immune systems. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the neurodevelopmental effects on behaviour in mice can be considered the critical effects. Based on effects on spontaneous behaviour in mice, the Panel identified a lowest observed adverse effect level ( LOAEL ) of 0.9 mg/kg body weight (bw) as the Reference Point, corresponding to a body burden of 0.75 mg/kg bw. The chronic intake that would lead to the same body burden in humans was calculated to be 2.35 μg/kg bw per day. The derivation of a health‐based guidance value ( HBGV ) was not considered appropriate. Instead, the margin of exposure ( MOE ) approach was applied to assess possible health concerns. Over 6,000 analytical results for HBCDD s in food were used to estimate the exposure across dietary surveys and age groups of the European population. The most important contributors to the chronic dietary LB exposure to HBCDD s were fish meat, eggs, livestock meat and poultry. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the resulting MOE values support the conclusion that current dietary exposure to HBCDD s across European countries does not raise a health concern. An exception is breastfed infants with high milk consumption, for which the lowest MOE values may raise a health concern.

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Prenatal exposure to organohalogen compounds and children’s mental and motor development at 18 and 30 months of age

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Prenatal exposure to PCBs and neurological and sexual/pubertal development from birth to adolescence

Prenatal exposure to PCBs and neurological and sexual/pubertal development from birth to adolescence

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Risk Factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Update of the risk assessment of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in food

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