Prenatal exposure to excess chromium attenuates transcription factors regulating expression of androgen and follicle stimulating hormone receptors in Sertoli cells of prepuberal rats

Follicle-stimulating hormone signaling in Sertoli cells: a licence to the early stages of spermatogenesis

“…Neural-cadherin (N- cadherin) and alpha6beta1-integrin (a6β1 integrin), two molecules known to make up of ectoplasmic specialization, are upregulated during the rat Sertoli cell differentiation process. FSH participates in this promotion in vitro, along with claudin-11, which belongs to tight junction protein [ 98 – 100 ]. Combination of FSH and testosterone also regulates the expression of gap junction protein Gja via wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3 (Wnt3) pathway in mice [ 97 ].…”

Unraveling Hypothalamus‐Pituitary dysregulation: Hypergonadotropism in F1 progeny due to prenatal exposure to hexavalent chromium

“…[24] Cancer, dermatitis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, back pain, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, hemoglobin changes, chromosomal abrasions, DNA damage in lymphocytes, birth deficiencies, and reproductive abnormalities in both sexes are all linked to Cr(VI) exposure. [25] Excess Cr(VI) is detrimental to male reproductive function in a number of investigations, [1][2][3][4][5][26][27][28][29][30][31] including those undertaken in our own lab. Sertoli cells' (SCs) tight junction and spermatogenesis were disrupted in F1 rats exposed to Cr(VI) during gestation due to changes in sex steroids and gonadotropins.…”

“…The endocrine disruptor hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a proven reproductive toxicant. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Occupational exposure or environmental contamination (soil and water) causes Cr toxicity in humans. [7] Environmental Cr concentrations have skyrocketed because of rapid industrialization.…”

Pharmacological intervention of biosynthesized Nigella sativa silver nanoparticles against hexavalent chromium induced toxicity in male albino mice

“…In males, hormonal balance is altered by excessive use of Cr as it disrupts the steroidogenic machinery, and hypothalamus-hypophysial-testicular axis, affecting the spermatogenesis and sperm maturation process, thus potential agent for male infertility ( Navin & Aruldhas, 2021 ). The blood-testis barrier is also affected by Cr (VI) altering the transcriptional expression of tight junction signaling molecules including tight junction protein 1(TJP1), occluding (Ocln), and vimentin (Vim) ( Navin & Aruldhas, 2021 ) and represses the receptors in a cell like a follicle stimulating hormone receptor (Fshr) and androgen receptor (Ar) that play important role in maturation and functioning of Sertoli cell ( Shobana et al, 2020 ). Chromium promotes the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver by upregulation of enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis leading to the accumulation of cholesterol.…”