Prenatal Exposure to Cannabis: Effects on Childhood Obesity and Cardiometabolic Health

Moore, Brianna F.

doi:10.1007/s13679-023-00544-x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 122 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…A prior study examining the effects of prenatal THC via a vaporizer did observe more prolonged effects on body weight than that observed here, with vaporizer THC exposure causing a reduction in body weight up to PND 30 [28]. The human data is more mixed when it comes to birth weight, as some studies have reported increases though most have reported decreases (as reviewed in [29]). As noted in the review, few studies adjusted for known confounders of birth weight, such as maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index or gestational weight gain, and none adjusted for maternal diet in pregnancy.…”

Section: Bmentioning

confidence: 42%

Prenatal Exposure to Cannabinoids Decreases the Expression of Polysialylated-Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (PSA-NCAM)

N Reed

2024

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The use of cannabis during pregnancy has continued to rise in recent years despite recent studies in humans showing that prenatal exposure can elicit developmental delays and long-lasting cognitive deficits. Using a rodent model, this preclinical study investigates the consequences of prenatal cannabis exposure to Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on offspring development, including the day of fur development and eye-opening, spontaneous righting reflex on postnatal days 5, 8 or 11 and rate of bodyweight gain. We also examined the protein expression of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) and Polysialylated-NCAM (PSA-NCAM), which is required for neurogenesis, neuronal pathfinding, learning and memory and has been shown in our previous studies to be linked to synaptic plasticity deficits in offspring exposed to a cannabinoid agonist prenatally. THCexposed offspring did not differ on the day of fur development and eye-opening. Spontaneous right reflex was significantly shorter on postnatal day 5 but returned to that of vehicle-exposed pups on postnatal days 8 and 11. Bodyweight was slightly decreased for THC-exposed offspring during early development but did not differ from vehicle-exposed offspring by postnatal day 45. THC-exposed offspring exhibited reduced hippocampal protein expression of PSA-NCAM during adolescence. These findings suggest prenatal exposure to THC can have long-term detrimental effects on the expression of PSA attached to NCAM, which is developmentally regulated and may provide one possible mechanism for the cognitive deficits associated with prenatal cannabinoid exposure.

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Section: Bmentioning

confidence: 42%

Prenatal Exposure to Cannabinoids Decreases the Expression of Polysialylated-Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (PSA-NCAM)

N Reed

2024

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Oral cannabidiol administration in mice during pregnancy and lactation affects early postnatal body weight, fasting glucose, ingestive behavior, anxiety- and obsessive compulsive-like behaviors, and long-term object-memory in adult offspring in a sex-dependent manner

Krakora Compagno,

Silver,

Cox-Holmes

et al. 2024

Preprint

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RationaleThe consequences of perinatal cannabidiol (CBD) exposure are severely understudied, but are important, given its widespread use and believed safety as a natural supplement.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to test the health, metabolic, and behavioral consequences of perinatal CBD exposure on dams and their offspring raised to adult.MethodsPrimiparous female C57BL/6J mice were orally administered 100 mg/kg CBD in strawberry jam to expose offspring during gestation, lactation, or both using a cross-fostering design. Adult offspring were metabolically profiled using indirect calorimetry and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing. Adults were behaviorally phenotyped, video recorded, and mouse position tracked using DeepLabCut.ResultsCBD was detected in maternal plasma using LC-MS 10-min post consumption (34.2 ± 1.7 ng/ul) and peaked within 30 min (371.0 ± 34.0 ng/ul). Fetal exposure to CBD significantly decreased survival of the pups, and decreased male postnatal development, but did not alter litter size, maternal body weight or pup birth weight. We observed many sex-dependent effects of perinatal CBD exposure. Exposure to CBD during gestation and lactation increased meal size, caloric intake, and respiratory exchange ratio for adult male offspring, while exposure during lactation decreased fasting glucose, but had no effect on clearance. Adult female offspring exposed to CBD during lactation showed increased drink size. Perinatal CBD exposure increased obsessive compulsive- and decreased anxiety-like behaviors (marble burying, light-dark box, elevated-plus maze) in female mice, decreased long-term object memory in male mice, and had no effect on attention tasks for either sex.ConclusionsWe conclude that orally-administered CBD during pregnancy affects behavior and metabolism in a sex-dependent manner, and mice are differentially sensitive to exposure during gestation vs. lactation, or both. Because long-term changes are observed following perinatal exposure to the drug, and exposure significantly decreases survival to weaning, more research during development is warranted.Graphical AbstractHIGHLIGHTSMice can be trained to orally consume CBD using strawberry jam as the vehicle.CBD administration to pregnant dams decreases pup survival to weaning age without significantly affecting maternal behavior.Perinatal CBD exposure decreases developmental body weight in males.Gestational or lactational CBD increases the respiratory exchange ratio (RER), increases mean meal and drink size, and reduces fasting glucose in a sex-dependent manner.CBD increases obsessive-compulsive like behavior in adult offspring, which could be eliminated in females by cross-fostering to a drug-free dam.Perinatal CBD selectively decreases anxiety-like behavior in females and decreases long-term object memory in males.

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Prenatal Exposure to Cannabis: Effects on Childhood Obesity and Cardiometabolic Health

Cited by 2 publications

References 122 publications

Prenatal Exposure to Cannabinoids Decreases the Expression of Polysialylated-Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (PSA-NCAM)

Prenatal Exposure to Cannabinoids Decreases the Expression of Polysialylated-Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (PSA-NCAM)

Oral cannabidiol administration in mice during pregnancy and lactation affects early postnatal body weight, fasting glucose, ingestive behavior, anxiety- and obsessive compulsive-like behaviors, and long-term object-memory in adult offspring in a sex-dependent manner

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