Prenatal ethanol and ontogeny of pituitary-adrenal responses to ethanol and morphine

Taylor, Anna N.; Branch, Berrilyn J.; Nelson, Lawrence J.; Lane, Leslie A.; Poland, Russell E.

doi:10.1016/0741-8329(86)90034-0

Cited by 75 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Maternal exposure to HU-210 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in plasma corticosterone levels, and in clear alterations in the sensitivity to an acute stimulatory challenge with HU-210. Similar findings have been reported after maternal exposure to ethanol [47]. Decreased plasma levels of corticosterone in the male offspring exposed to cannabinoids during development have been reported before [9,40] and they were associated with alterations in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor contents [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Maternal Exposure to the Synthetic Cannabinoid HU-210: Effects on the Endocrine and Immune Systems of the Adult Male Offspring

Arco

Muñoz

Fonseca³

et al. 1999

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Natural and synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists have been described to exert profound effects on both the neuroendocrine integration and the functional responses of the immune system. In the present study, Wistar rats were exposed to the highly potent cannabinoid agonist HU-210 (1, 5 and 25 μg/kg) during gestation and lactation and the ensuing effects on several endocrine and immune parameters of the adult male offspring were analyzed. Perinatal exposure to HU-210 partially affected the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in the spleen and peripheral blood. The major changes observed occur after maternal exposure to the 25 μg/kg dose of HU-210. There was a reduction in the T-helper subpopulation in the spleen and a dose-related decrease in the rate of T_helper/T_cytotoxic in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Concanavalin-A and lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation were normal in all the groups tested. In the same animals, perinatal exposure to HU-210 did not affect basal levels of growth hormone, IGF-1, prolactin, or follicle-stimulating hormone. Basal values of luteinizing hormone were elevated in animals given the 1 μg/kg dose of HU-210. Corticosterone levels were reduced in the animals exposed to the higher dose of HU-210 during gestation and lactation. These animals exhibited a decreased responsiveness of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to the stimulation with a single injection of HU-210 (20 μg/kg, i.v.) at adult ages, which may reflect the onset of long-lasting tolerance to the HPA-activating properties of cannabinoids. The opposite pattern of response was found in the animals given the 1 μg/kg dose, in which a sensitization of the corticosterone response to acute HU-210 was observed. The present work reveals that maternal exposure to cannabinoids results in minor changes in the development of the immune system, but may induce long-lasting alterations in the functional status of the HPA axis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Maternal Exposure to the Synthetic Cannabinoid HU-210: Effects on the Endocrine and Immune Systems of the Adult Male Offspring

Arco

Muñoz

Fonseca³

et al. 1999

Neuroimmunomodulation

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“…In contrast, it appears that CVS was ineffective at enhancing DA neuron activity and release in PAE subjects. PAE rats show increased HPA responsivity to alcohol and morphine challenges compared to control animals (Taylor et al, 1986), and enhanced stress-induced alcohol consumption (Nelson et al, 1983). Interestingly, attenuated DA release within the NAc and striatum is observed in PAE male and female rats following exposure to a low dose of ethanol (0.5g/kg) in adulthood (Blanchard et al, 1993), and DA neuron activity is decreased overall within the ventral tegmental area in adult PAE rats (Shen et al, 1995, Shen et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal regulation of HPA and dopamine systems is altered differentially in males and females by prenatal alcohol exposure and chronic variable stress

Uban

Comeau

Ellis

et al. 2013

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on central nervous system function include an increased prevalence of mental health problems, including substance use disorders (SUD). The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and dopamine systems have overlapping neurocircuitries and are both implicated in SUD. PAE alters both HPA and dopaminergic activity and regulation, resulting in increased HPA tone and an overall reduction in tonic dopamine activity. However, effects of PAE on the interaction between HPA and dopamine (DA) systems have not been investigated. The present study examined PAE effects on basal regulation of central stress and dopamine systems in key brain regions where these systems intersect. Adult Sprague-Dawley male and female offspring from prenatal alcohol-exposed (PAE), pairfed (PF), and ad libitum-fed control (C) groups were subjected to chronic variable stress (CVS) or remained as a no stress (non-CVS) control group. Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA, as well as glucocorticoid and DA receptor (DA-R) expression were measured under basal conditions 24 hours following the end of CVS. We show, for the first time, that regulation of basal HPA and DA systems, and likely, HPA-DA interactions, are altered differentially in males and females by PAE and CVS. PAE augmented the typical attenuation in weight gain during CVS in males and caused increased weight loss in females. Increased basal corticosterone levels in control, but not PAE, females suggest that PAE alters the profile of basal hormone secretion throughout CVS. CVS downregulated basal CRH mRNA in the prefrontal cortex and throughout the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in PAE females but only in the posterior BNST of control females. PAE males and females exposed to CVS exhibited more widespread upregulation of basal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mRNA throughout the hippocampus, and an attenuated decrease in DA-R expression throughout the nucleus accumbens and striatum compared to CVS-exposed control males and females. Overall, these findings enhance our understanding of PAE effects on the cross-talk between HPA and DA systems, and provide insight into possible mechanisms underlying mental health problems that are related to stress and DA signaling, including SUD, which have a high prevalence among individuals with FASD.

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“…However, subjects whose mother was, or had previously been, an alcoholic were excluded from the study to avoid including subjects exposed to ethanol during fetal life. Fetal ethanol exposure has been shown to alter the response of the offspring to stress (Angelogianni and Gianoulakis 1989;Weinberg et al 1986;Taylor et al 1986). …”

Section: Subject Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis to Stress in the Absence and Presence of Ethanol in Subjects at High and Low Risk of Alcoholism,

Dai

2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

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Both genetic and environmental factors, such as stress, are important in determining alcohol consumption. Furthermore, both stress and alcohol influence the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis. Thus, the present studies investigated the response of the HPA axis to stress and the effect of ethanol on the stress response, in subjects at high (HR) and low (LR) risk of alcoholism as determined from their family history. Twenty HR and 20 LR subjects performed a stress-inducing task 30 min following the ingestion of either a placebo drink or a low dose of ethanol. The levels of plasma adrenal corticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol were measured prior to and for four hours following initiation of the treatment. Changes with time in the plasma hormone levels following ingestion of either a placebo or an ethanol drink, without the performance of the stress task, served as controls to compare the stress-induced changes. Neither the placebo nor the ethanol drink altered the plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations. High risk subjects presented lower basal ACTH, but not cortisol, levels and a lower stress-induced increase in plasma ACTH concentration than LR subjects. Furthermore, the HR subjects presented a delayed poststress recovery of the plasma ACTH and cortisol levels. Ethanol consumption prior to the stress task attenuated (ACTH) or abolished (cortisol) the stress-induced increaseExperimental evidence indicates that both genetic and environmental factors play a significant role in determining alcohol consumption (Light et al. 1996). Studies using human subjects and experimental animals have demonstrated that stress is one of the environmental factors associated with the initiation and continuation of heavy drinking, as well as relapse (Hore 1971;Kushner et al. 1990;Pohorecky 1991;De Wit 1996;Le et al. 1998;Stewart 2000). Indeed, it has been shown that alcohol consumption increases in response to stress if The studies in the present manuscript were presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, on November 6, 2000, at New Orleans LA. Abstracts Society for Neuroscience 2000: Vol. 26, Abstract # 300.10, p.803.Address correspondence to: Christina Gianoulakis, Ph.D., Douglas Hospital Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec, Canada H4H 1R3. Tel.: (514) ext 5929; Fax:(514) 762-3034; E-mail: christina.gianoulakis@mcgill.ca Received July 24, 2001; revised November 26, 2001; accepted February 8, 2002. Online publication: 2/14/02 at www.acnp.org/citations/Npp 021402245.N EUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2002 -VOL . 27 , NO . 3 Ethanol, Stress, the HPA Axis, and Family History of Alcoholism 443 other forms of support, such as social and family support, are not present (Pohorecky 1991;Johnson and Jennison 1994). The mechanisms underlying the relationship between stress and alcohol consumption are not well understood. It has been proposed that alcohol consumption relieves anxiety and thus may help the individual to cope with stress (Hodgson et al. 1979;Vogel and De Turck 198...

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Prenatal ethanol and ontogeny of pituitary-adrenal responses to ethanol and morphine

Cited by 75 publications

References 20 publications

Maternal Exposure to the Synthetic Cannabinoid HU-210: Effects on the Endocrine and Immune Systems of the Adult Male Offspring

Maternal Exposure to the Synthetic Cannabinoid HU-210: Effects on the Endocrine and Immune Systems of the Adult Male Offspring

Basal regulation of HPA and dopamine systems is altered differentially in males and females by prenatal alcohol exposure and chronic variable stress

Response of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis to Stress in the Absence and Presence of Ethanol in Subjects at High and Low Risk of Alcoholism,

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