“…The combination of prenatal ultrasound, karyotype analysis, CMA, and genetic counseling is helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal microdeletions/microduplications. 16 …”
Copy number variations (CNVs) in chromosome 16p11.2 (deletions and duplications) are not rare. 16p11.2 microdeletion is among the most commonly known genetic etiologies of autism spectrum disorder, overweightness, and related neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we report the prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of a maternally inherited 16p11.2 microdeletion. In this family, the mother and fetus both have a normal phenotype and the same microdeletion. Following the use of molecular genetic techniques, including array-based methods, the number of reported cases has rapidly increased. The combination of prenatal ultrasound, karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and genetic counseling is helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal microdeletions/microduplications.
“…The combination of prenatal ultrasound, karyotype analysis, CMA, and genetic counseling is helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal microdeletions/microduplications. 16 …”
Copy number variations (CNVs) in chromosome 16p11.2 (deletions and duplications) are not rare. 16p11.2 microdeletion is among the most commonly known genetic etiologies of autism spectrum disorder, overweightness, and related neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we report the prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of a maternally inherited 16p11.2 microdeletion. In this family, the mother and fetus both have a normal phenotype and the same microdeletion. Following the use of molecular genetic techniques, including array-based methods, the number of reported cases has rapidly increased. The combination of prenatal ultrasound, karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and genetic counseling is helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal microdeletions/microduplications.
“…Chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications are difficult to detect by conventional cytogenetics. Combination of prenatal ultrasound, karyotype analysis, CMA and genetic counseling is helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal microdeletions/microduplications [ 13 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…of prenatal ultrasound, karyotype analysis, CMA and genetic counseling is helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal microdeletions/microduplications [13].…”
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Background
Proximal region of chromosome 15 long arm is rich in duplicons that, define five breakpoints (BP) for 15q rearrangements. 15q11.2 microdeletion has been previously associated with developmental delay, mental retardation, epilepsy, autism, schizophrenia and congenital heart defects. The literature on this microdeletion is extensive and confusing, which is a challenge for genetic counselling.
Case presentation
We have performed prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of a paternally inherited 15q11.2 microdeletion. In this family, father with normal phenotype and fetus with abnormal phenotype have the same microdeletion.
Conclusion
Chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications are difficult to detect by conventional cytogenetics, combination of prenatal ultrasound, karyotype analysis, CMA and genetic counseling is helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal microdeletions/microduplications.
“…Karyotyping revealed a true trisomy 7 mosaicism (12% trisomy 7 cells in amniocyte cultures). The mosaic form of trisomy 7 is a rare chromosomal abnormality with a highly variable phenotype [14].…”
The objective — To assess the effectiveness of including NIPT in the structure of prenatal diagnostics in Moscow.
Material and Methods — Totally 5,181 pregnancies undergoing screening for fetal trisomy using NIPT during the period from 01.04.2020 to 30.09.2020 in Russia. According to the results of biochemical blood test, the patients were divided into two groups: group of high risk (cut-off ≥1:100) (n=208) and group of intermediate risk (cut-off 1:101 – 1:2500) (n=4,973). Patients at high-risk cell-free DNA (cfDNA) were offered an invasive procedure, followed by genetic analysis (cytogenetic or molecular karyotyping).
Results — Among the analysed samples, 117 (2.3%) had a high risk of the following common fetal chromosome abnormalities by NIPT: trisomy 21 in 50 cases, trisomy 18 in 17 cases, trisomy 13 in 5 cases, and sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) in 22 cases. Additionally, rare autosomal trisomies and/or subchromosomal arrangements were revealed in 23 cases. We found associations between cfDNA concentration and high risk of aneuploidies (particularly trisomy 21) and fetal sex and between low fetal fraction (FF) and body mass index (BMI) as well as maternal weight. Additionally, a high risk of trisomy 21 was associated with the term gestation.
Conclusion — The effectiveness of technological resources that are based on cfDNA testing for detecting abnormal fetal chromosome numbers and other chromosomal anomalies is high and reduce rates of false positive results. Therefore, NIPT should be more widely used as a first-line screening method.
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