Prenatal Diagnosis of Cloacal Exstrophy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Clements, Matthew; Chalmers, David J.; Meyers, Mariana L.; Vemulakonda, Vijaya M.

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2013.10.050

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the study of CalvoGarcia et al [10], fetal MRI confirmed cloacal exstrophy in all eight fetuses by demonstrating absence of a normal bladder and lack of meconium-filled rectum/colon, associated with a protuberant pelvic contour and an omphalocele. In a report by Clements et al [11], the fetal MRI revealed a bifid appearance of the bladder with bowel loops protruding through the center, which is consistent with an "elephant trunk" deformity. In their opinion, fetal MRI led to early and complete identification of the spectrum of anomalies, and facilitated verification of these findings by subsequent sonography [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In a report by Clements et al [11], the fetal MRI revealed a bifid appearance of the bladder with bowel loops protruding through the center, which is consistent with an "elephant trunk" deformity. In their opinion, fetal MRI led to early and complete identification of the spectrum of anomalies, and facilitated verification of these findings by subsequent sonography [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Prenatal Diagnosis of Cloacal Exstrophy: A Case Report and Differential Diagnosis with a Simple Omphalocele

Chou

Tseng

Lai

2015

Journal of Medical Ultrasound

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KEY WORDSanterior abdominal wall defect, cloacal exstrophy, omphalocele Cloacal exstrophy is a rare congenital disorder that may lead to mortality and morbidity. Although the prenatal diagnosis of cloacal exstrophy can be made by a midtrimester ultrasound, it is difficult to differentiate it from a simple omphalocele that can be corrected completely by surgery without morbidity. We reported a case with cloacal exstrophy and reviewed previous literature on differentiating it from an omphalocele. A 33-year-old, pregnant female visited our outpatient center for prenatal care at the 22 nd gestational week. The midtrimester ultrasound showed fetal anomalies including a protruding mass from umbilicus, absence of bladder, ambiguous genitalia, and bilateral renal hydronephrosis. The parents received prenatal genetic counseling and decided to continue the pregnancy. A female baby was delivered at the 37 th gestational week via vaginal delivery, and cloacal exstrophy without omphalocele was diagnosed. Cloacal exstrophy is a complicated congenital disorder that should be differentiated from a simple omphalocele. Prenatal counseling and postnatal care in a tertiary medical center are important for parents and the fetus, respectively. ª

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prenatal Diagnosis of Cloacal Exstrophy: A Case Report and Differential Diagnosis with a Simple Omphalocele

Chou

Tseng

Lai

2015

Journal of Medical Ultrasound

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“…Seven cases of prenatal MRI were identified for review. The MRI examinations were performed between 25 and 37 weeks' GA. For each case, GA at MRI, prenatal imaging diagnosis, GA at birth, delivery type, Apgar score (when applicable), length of neonatal hospital stay, type of neonatal Hydronephrosis [49][50][51] Congenital megaureter 16,52 Pelvic kidney 16,53,54 Duplex kidney 16,54 Renal dysplasia 51,55 Cystic dysplasia 16,49,50 Renal agenesis 49,50,52,[55][56][57] Limb anomalies…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clubfoot with vertical talus 50 Limb length discrepancy 53 Bilateral clubfeet 16,53,56 Neural tube defects 57,58 (70% of cases 49 ) Spina bifida, myelocystocele 49 Terminal myelocystocele 16,53,54 Lumbosacral spina bifida 51,56 Hindbrain herniation, lipomyelomeningocele 16 Omphalocele 16,52,[54][55][56] Spine abnormalities Kyphoscoliosis 49,50 Sacral hemivertebra 55 Pubic diastasis 51 Missing bladder 16,[51][52][53][54]56 Single umbilical artery 16,52,54,55 Abnormality of external genitalia 16,54 Hypospadias 55 Bifid corporal bodies 53 Duplicated vagina, bifid scrotum, micropenis 56 Proposed common findings Ectopia cordis 4,8,22,24,26,59 Intrinsic cardiac malformations ASD 4,26,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal MRI in the Identification of a Fetal Ventral Wall Defect Spectrum

Coleman

Marine

Weida

et al. 2018

AJP Rep

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Objective To ascertain if useful criteria for prenatal diagnosis of fetal ventral body wall defects (VBWDs) exists by reviewing published literature on diagnosis of VBWD as compared with our own diagnostic experience. Study Design A comprehensive literature review of diagnostic criteria of fetal VBWD including pentalogy of Cantrell (POC), omphalocele, exstrophy, imperforate anus, spina bifida (OEIS), cloacal exstrophy, limb–body wall complex (LBWC), and body stalk anomaly was performed followed by a retrospective review of all fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations from our medical center over a 2-year period. Results Classically, OEIS is omphalocele, bladder exstrophy, imperforate anus, and spina bifida. POC is defects of the supraumbilical abdomen, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and heart. LBWC is two of the following: exencephaly or enencephaly with facial clefts, thoracoschisis or abdominoschisis, and limb defects. Twenty-four cases of VBWD on MRI over a 24-month period were identified with seven cases involving defects of additional organ systems. Six of these seven cases demonstrated findings from two or more of the traditional diagnoses POC, OEIS, and LBWC making diagnosis and counseling difficult. Conclusion There is a lack of consensus on useful diagnostic criteria within the published literature which is reflected in our own diagnostic experience and poses a challenge for accurate prenatal counseling.

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“…However, the umbilical cord opening was located on the surface of bulging lumps in cases with pure omphalocele. The elephant's trunk‐like intestinal canal at the terminus of the bulge is a characteristic feature of the OEIS complex . Autopsy results showed intact skin coverage on the spine and downward medullary cone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal ultrasound‐based diagnosis of fetal OEIS complex associated with lower limb polymelia and cardiac, hepatic dysplasia: A case report

Liu

Xue

et al. 2019

Clinical Case Reports

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Prenatal Diagnosis of Cloacal Exstrophy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Prenatal Diagnosis of Cloacal Exstrophy: A Case Report and Differential Diagnosis with a Simple Omphalocele

Prenatal Diagnosis of Cloacal Exstrophy: A Case Report and Differential Diagnosis with a Simple Omphalocele

Fetal MRI in the Identification of a Fetal Ventral Wall Defect Spectrum

Prenatal ultrasound‐based diagnosis of fetal OEIS complex associated with lower limb polymelia and cardiac, hepatic dysplasia: A case report

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