Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics

Jakob, Hermann; Beckmann, H.

doi:10.1007/bf01249090

Cited by 854 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

269

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, abnormalities in the sulco-gyral pattern of the temporal lobe in schizophrenic patients, reported in both post-mortem (e.g. Southard, 1910Southard, , 1915Brown et al, 1986;Jakob and Beckmann, 1986) and MR studies (e.g. Kikinis et al, 1994), suggest that such alterations are the result of neurodevelopmental abnormalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Amygdala–hippocampal shape differences in schizophrenia: the application of 3D shape models to volumetric MR data

Shenton

Gerig

McCarley

et al. 2002

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence suggests that some structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia are neurodevelopmental in origin. There is also growing evidence to suggest that shape deformations in brain structure may reflect abnormalities in neurodevelopment. While many magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies have investigated brain area and volume measures in schizophrenia, fewer have focused on shape deformations. In this MR study we used a 3D shape representation technique, based on spherical harmonic functions, to analyze left and right amygdala-hippocampus shapes in each of 15 patients with schizophrenia and 15 healthy controls matched for age, gender, handedness and parental socioeconomic status. Left/right asymmetry was also measured for both shape and volume differences. Additionally, shape and volume measurements were combined in a composite analysis. There were no differences between groups in overall volume or shape. Left/right amygdalahippocampal asymmetry, however, was significantly larger in patients than controls for both relative volume and shape. The local brain regions responsible for the left/right asymmetry differences in patients with schizophrenia were in the tail of the hippocampus (including both the inferior aspect adjacent to parahippocampal gyrus and the superior aspect adjacent to the lateral geniculate nucleus and more anteriorly to the cerebral peduncles) and in portions of the amygdala body (including the anterior-superior aspect adjacent to the basal nucleus). Also, in patients, increased volumetric asymmetry tended to be correlated with increased left/right shape asymmetry. Furthermore, a combined analysis of volume and shape asymmetry resulted in improved differentiation between groups. Classification function analyses correctly classified 70% of cases using volume, 73.3% using shape, and 87% using combined volume and shape measures. These findings suggest that shape provides important new information toward characterizing the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and that combining volume and shape measures provides improved group discrimination in studies investigating brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. An evaluation of shape deformations also suggests local abnormalities in the amygdala-hippocampal complex in schizophrenia.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Amygdala–hippocampal shape differences in schizophrenia: the application of 3D shape models to volumetric MR data

Shenton

Gerig

McCarley

et al. 2002

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are a number of cytoarchitectonic studies that could be interpreted in terms of abnormal cell migration and the formation of aberrant connections in neurodevelopment (e.g. Jacob and Beckman, 1986).…”

Section: Anatomical Disconnectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The disconnection hypothesis

Friston

1998

Schizophrenia Research

790

469

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article reviews the disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia and presents a mechanistic account of how dysfunctional integration among neuronal systems might arise. This neurobiological account is based on the central role played by neuronal plasticity in shaping the connections and the ensuing dynamics that underlie brain function. The particular hypothesis put forward here is that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is expressed at the level of modulation of associative changes in synaptic efficacy; specifically the modulation of plasticity in those brain systems responsible for emotional learning and memory, in the post-natal period. This modulation is mediated by ascending neurotransmitter systems that: (i) have been implicated in schizophrenia; and (ii) are known to be involved in consolidating synaptic connections during learning. The proposed pathophysiology would translate, in functional terms, into a disruption of the reinforcement of adaptive behaviour that is consistent with the disintegrative aspects of schizophrenic neuropsychology.

show abstract

“…Misplaced and clustered neurons, particularly in the entorhinal cortex, indicate problems of neuronal migration and suggest an early developmental anomaly (Jakob and Beckmann, 1986;Arnold et al, 1991;Falkai et al, 2000). Pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus and neocortex have been shown to have smaller cell bodies and fewer dendritic spines and dendritic arborizations (reviewed by Harrison and Weinberger, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin and Schizophrenia

Quednow

Geyer

Halberstadt

2010

Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although the serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia is one of the oldest neurochemical hypotheses on the pathogenesis of this disease, it is still highly topical. The concept of how the serotonin system is involved in the origin and progress of schizophrenia has considerably changed over the past decades. Therefore, the present work will give an overview about the development and the current directions of the serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia. In this regard, we will discuss the phenomenology of hallucinogenic drug action, model psychosis and translational research, post-mortem studies on receptors and transporters, imaging studies, antipsychotic drug action, neuroendocrine challenge studies, platelet and cerebrospinal fluid data, genetic association studies, developmental aspects, and the cross-talk between the glutamate and the serotonin system. In sum, there are several lines of evidence suggesting that the serotonin system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of at least a subpopulation of schizophrenia patients. Further studies are needed to better characterize patients whose psychotic symptoms are suspected to have a serotonergic origin. Serotonin and Schizophrenia AbstractAlthough the serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia is one of the oldest neurochemical hypotheses on the pathogenesis of this disease, it is still highly topical. The concept of how the serotonin system is involved in the origin and progress of schizophrenia has considerably changed over the past decades.Therefore, the present work will give an overview about the development and the current directions of the serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia. In this regard, we will discuss the phenomenology of hallucinogenic drug action, model psychosis and translational research, post-mortem studies on receptors and transporters, imaging studies, antipsychotic drug action, neuroendocrine challenge studies, platelet and cerebrospinal fluid data, genetic association studies, developmental aspects, and the cross-talk between the glutamate and the serotonin system. In sum, there are several lines of evidence suggesting that the serotonin system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of at least a subpopulation of schizophrenia patients. Further studies are needed to better characterize patients whose psychotic symptoms are suspected to have a serotonergic origin.3

show abstract

Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics

Cited by 854 publications

References 20 publications

Amygdala–hippocampal shape differences in schizophrenia: the application of 3D shape models to volumetric MR data

Amygdala–hippocampal shape differences in schizophrenia: the application of 3D shape models to volumetric MR data

The disconnection hypothesis

Serotonin and Schizophrenia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About