Prenatal and postnatal programming of body composition in obese children and adolescents: evidence from anthropometry, DXA and the 4-component model

Wells, Jonathan C. K.; Haroun, Dalia; Levene, D; Darch, Tegan; Williams, Jane; Fewtrell, Mary

doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.7

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Both a high maternal BMI [7,9] and a high GWG [17,18] have been recognized as significant and independent predictors of future child and adult obesity [61,62,63,64]. While the association between maternal and infant and childhood adiposity is likely to reflect a combination of shared genetic and environmental factors in addition to in utero programming pathways, the latter may be modifiable and therefore of enormous significance as a strategy to prevent or limit the early onset of obesity.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and Lifestyle Advice for Pregnant Women Who Are Overweight or Obese: The LIMIT Randomized Trial

Dodd¹

2014

Ann Nutr Metab

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Overweight and obesity during pregnancy are common and are associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes for both the mother and the infant. However, robust evidence about the effect of antenatal dietary and lifestyle interventions on health outcomes is lacking. We conducted a multicenter, randomized trial, recruiting 2,212 women (from 3 public maternity hospitals across South Australia) with a singleton pregnancy between 10⁺⁰ and 20⁺⁰ weeks' gestation and a BMI ≥25. The women were randomized to lifestyle advice (n = 1,108) or standard care (n = 1,104). Women randomized to lifestyle advice participated in a comprehensive dietary and lifestyle intervention over the course of their pregnancy (delivered by research staff), while women randomized to standard care received pregnancy care according to local guidelines, which did not include such information. Provision of the lifestyle intervention was associated with a significant 18% relative risk reduction in the chance of infants being born with a birth weight above 4 kg. No other significant differences were identified in maternal pregnancy and birth outcomes between the two treatment groups. Observational studies highlight the association between a high infant birth weight and the subsequent risk of childhood and adulthood obesity. Antenatal interventions that are effective in reducing high infant birth weights therefore represent a significant strategy to tackle obesity from a population health perspective, while ongoing interrogation of the biospecimens and measurements, including ongoing childhood follow-up, will provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the mechanistic pathways of maternal-to-infant/childhood obesity.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and Lifestyle Advice for Pregnant Women Who Are Overweight or Obese: The LIMIT Randomized Trial

Dodd¹

2014

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…The relative contribution of in utero and postnatal environment to childhood metabolism and long-term risk of obesity is currently unclear. Eriksson et al 20 found body fat was not correlated in infants at 1 and 12 weeks of age, and Wells et al 40 found that postnatal weight gain had a stronger influence than fetal weight gain on fat distribution. Neither study controlled for maternal GDM status.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal predictors and body composition of large-for-gestational-age newborns: perinatal health outcomes

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVE:To compare body composition of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) with appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns and to identify antenatal predictors of LGA. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study included 536 term, singleton infants. Anthropometric measurements were performed within 48 h of birth and included determination of body fat percentage (%BF) by air displacement plethysmography. Associations were investigated using logistic regression. RESULT:LGA infants had greater %BF (P o 0.001) compared with AGA infants. Significant predictors of LGA infants included parity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.98, (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00, 4.02)), paternal height (OR = 1.08, (95% CI 1.03, 1.14)), maternal pregravid weight (65 to 74.9 kg: OR = 2.77, (95% CI 1.14, 7.06)) and gestational weight gain (OR = 1.09, 95% CI (1.03, 1.16)). Gestational diabetes mellitus was not associated with LGA infants (P = 0.598). CONCLUSION: Paternal height, parity, maternal pregravid weight and gestational weight gain were strongly associated with LGA infants. These results may allow early prediction and potential modification, thereby optimising clinical outcomes.

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“…Growth and development in early life is strongly associated with life-long health, and adverse influences can persist and manifest later in life (6)(7)(8). In the study of bone densitometry, most disorders associated with increased fracture risks, as identified by the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, manifest in infancy, if not in utero (32).…”

Section: Anthropomorphic Infant Dxa Phantommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because early growth affects health later in life, early testing and monitoring may be wise in certain cases (6)(7)(8). One may apply similar logic to the current obesity epidemic, where early intervention may be needed to moderate future health issues (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Solid anthropomorphic infant whole-body DXA phantom: design, evaluation, and multisite testing

Shypailo

Ellis

2013

Pediatr Res

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Background: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) requires phantoms for quality control and cross-calibration. No commercially available phantoms are designed specifically for whole-body scanning of infants. Methods: We fabricated a phantom closely matching a 7-kg human infant in body habitus using polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon mix, and polyethylene for bone, lean tissue, and fat, respectively, for evaluating the comparability of instruments used in studies on infant body composition. We scanned the phantom multiple times for short-and long-term repeatability and then shipped it to six other sites for comparison scans. All instruments were Hologic Delphi or Discovery models. Scan analyses were in-house procedures (Hologic V12.1). results: Short-and long-term results were not significantly different. Nylon mix underrepresented expected lean mass values by 5%, PVC underrepresented bone by 12%, and polyethylene overrepresented fat by 30%. Precision values were as follows: lean mass ≈ 3%; bone ≈ 3.5%; and fat = 5.5-7.5%. Instruments differed significantly for bone mineral content and density results in most instances. Three instruments differed in fat and lean mass. The two Hologic models differed significantly in all compartments except bone density. conclusion: The phantom design came close to emulating bone, lean tissue, and fat and showed good reproducibility. Significant differences among various DXA instruments highlight the necessity of cross-calibration for any multicenter studies.

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Prenatal and postnatal programming of body composition in obese children and adolescents: evidence from anthropometry, DXA and the 4-component model

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Dietary and Lifestyle Advice for Pregnant Women Who Are Overweight or Obese: The LIMIT Randomized Trial

Dietary and Lifestyle Advice for Pregnant Women Who Are Overweight or Obese: The LIMIT Randomized Trial

Antenatal predictors and body composition of large-for-gestational-age newborns: perinatal health outcomes

Solid anthropomorphic infant whole-body DXA phantom: design, evaluation, and multisite testing

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