Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution, Placental Mitochondrial DNA Content, and Birth Weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIR
            <i>ON</i>
            AGE (Belgium) Birth Cohorts

Clemente, Diana B.P.; Casas, Maribel; Vilahur, Nadia; Begiristain, Haizea; Bustamante, Mariona; Carsin, Anne-Elie; Fernández, Mariana F.; Fierens, Frans; Gyselaers, Wilfried; Íñiguez, Carmen; Janssen, Bram G.; Lefebvre, Wouter; Llop, Sabrina; Olea, Nicolás; Pedersen, Marie; Pieters, Nicky; Santa‐Marina, Loreto; Souto, Ana Paula Brandão; Tardón, Adonina; Vanpoucke, Charlotte; Vrijheid, Martine; Sunyer, Jordi; Nawrot, Tim S.

doi:10.1289/ehp.1408981

Cited by 115 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Nonetheless, from the stance of health effects in the Madrid, it is PM 2.5 concentrations that show the most impact on the population, children and persons over the age of 75 years [51–53]. The fact that PM 2.5 is the environmental chemical pollutant which displays a statistically significant association with the three indicators of low weight analysed in this study is not in contradiction with other studies in which NO 2 has been associated with adverse birth variables [6,11,12]. Furthermore, as in the case of NO 2 , there are many papers that link PM 2.5 to adverse birth variables [10,22,24].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…In recent years, various studies have linked exposure during pregnancy to chemical environmental pollutants present in the urban atmosphere to a number of adverse birth outcomes [1–4], including low birth weight (LBW) [5,6]. LBW, defined as any newborn having a weight of less than 2,500g [7], can give rise to lifelong impairments due to respiratory, circulatory and neurological diseases and disorders [8, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Environmental Factors on Low Weight in Non-Premature Births: A Time Series Analysis

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveExposure to pollutants during pregnancy has been related to adverse birth outcomes. LBW can give rise to lifelong impairments. Prematurity is the leading cause of LBW, yet few studies have attempted to analyse how environmental factors can influence LBW in infants who are not premature. This study therefore sought to analyse the influence of air pollution, noise levels and temperature on LBW in non-premature births in Madrid during the period 2001–2009.MethodsEcological time-series study to assess the impact of PM2.5, NO2 and O3 concentrations, noise levels, and temperatures on LBW among non-premature infants across the period 2001–2009. Our analysis extended to infants having birth weights of 1,500 g to 2,500 g (VLBW) and less than 1,500 g (ELBW). Environmental variables were lagged until 37 weeks with respect to the date of birth, and cross-correlation functions were used to identify explaining lags. Results were quantified using Poisson regression models.ResultsAcross the study period 298,705 births were registered in Madrid, 3,290 of which had LBW; of this latter total, 1,492 were non-premature. PM2.5 was the only pollutant to show an association with the three variables of LBW in non-premature births. This association occurred at around the third month of gestation for LBW and VLBW (LBW: lag 23 and VLBW: lag 25), and at around the eighth month of gestation for ELBW (lag 6). Leqd was linked to LBW at lag zero. The RR of PM2.5 on LBW was 1.01 (1.00 1.03). The RR of Leqd on LBW was 1.09 (0.99 1.19)(p<0.1).ConclusionsThe results obtained indicate that PM2.5 had influence on LBW. The adoption of measures aimed at reducing the number of vehicles would serve to lower pregnant women's exposure. In the case of noise should be limited the exposure to high levels during the final weeks of pregnancy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Environmental Factors on Low Weight in Non-Premature Births: A Time Series Analysis

et al. 2016

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“…36-38 In a pooled analysis from two European birth cohorts, Clemente et al reported decreased placental mtDNA abundance with in utero exposures to NO 2 . 36 Two separate studies from the ENVIR ON AGE cohort also showed elevated mitochondrial 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels associated with decreased mtDNA abundance in both maternal and newborns blood in response to prenatal PM 10 exposures. 37,38 Moreover, studies of the environmental influence of mitochondria have been extended to DNA methylation machinery, where Byun et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42,43 Prenatal exposure to NO 2 —a gaseous precursor of NO 3 - has also been associated with decreased placental mtDNA abundance. 36 In one of the recent publications, Shi et al reported a positive association between exposure to PM 2.5 -containing NO 3 - and exhaled nitric oxide—a well-known biomarker for respiratory inflammation. 44 Nevertheless, we have not been able to identify experimental studies that describe the toxicologic effects of nitrate-rich particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Annual Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Components with Mitochondrial DNA Abundance

et al. 2017

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Background Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) represents a mixture of components with potentially different toxicities. However, little is known about the relative effects of PM2.5 mass and PM2.5 components on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abundance, which may lie on the pathway of PM2.5-associated disease. Methods We studied 646 elderly male participants in the Normative Aging Study from Greater Boston to investigate associations of long-term exposure to PM2.5 mass and PM2.5 components with mtDNA abundance. We estimated concentrations of pollutants for the 365-day preceding examination at each participant's address using spatial-and-temporal-resolved chemical transport models. We measured blood mtDNA abundance using RT-PCR. We applied a shrinkage-and-selection method (adaptive-LASSO) to identify components most predictive of mtDNA abundance, and fit multi-pollutant linear mixed-effects models with subject-specific intercept to estimate the relative effects of individual PM component. Results MtDNA abundance was negatively associated with PM2.5 mass in the previous year and—after adjusting for PM2.5 mass—several PM2.5 components, including organic carbon, sulfate (marginally) and nitrate. In multi-pollutant models including as independent variables PM2.5 mass and PM2.5 components selected by LASSO, nitrate was associated with mtDNA abundance. A standard deviation (SD) increase in annual PM2.5-associated nitrate was associated with a 0.12 SD (95% CI: -0.18; -0.07) decrease in mtDNA abundance. Analyses restricted to PM2.5 annual concentration below the current 1-year EPA standard produced similar results. Conclusions Long-term exposures to PM2.5-associated nitrate were related to decreased mtDNA abundance independent of PM2.5 mass. Mass alone may not fully capture the potential of PM2.5 to oxidize the mitochondrial genome.

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“…60–63 More recently, placental mitochondrial DNA content, which can be diminished by oxidative stress, has been shown to be lower in the settings of both higher exposure to air pollution and lower birth weights. 64 While biologically plausible, definitively determining whether environmental factors cause adverse birth outcomes is difficult. Randomized trials of exposure, the gold standard to determine causal relationships, are unethical when an exposure is known to be harmful.…”

Section: Environmental Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth outcome racial disparities: A result of intersecting social and environmental factors

Burris

Hacker

2017

Seminars in Perinatology

159

105

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Adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight and infant mortality continue to disproportionately affect black and poor infants in the United States. Improvements in healthcare quality and access have not eliminated these disparities. The objective of this review was to consider societal factors, including suboptimal education, income inequality, and residential segregation, that together lead to toxic environmental exposures and psychosocial stress. Many toxic chemicals, as well as psychosocial stress, contribute to the risk of adverse birth outcomes and black women often are more highly exposed than white women. The extent to which environmental exposures combine with stress and culminate in racial disparities in birth outcomes has not been quantified but is likely substantial. Primary prevention of adverse birth outcomes and elimination of disparities will require a societal approach to improve education quality, income equity, and neighborhoods.

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Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution, Placental Mitochondrial DNA Content, and Birth Weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIR ON AGE (Belgium) Birth Cohorts

Cited by 115 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of Environmental Factors on Low Weight in Non-Premature Births: A Time Series Analysis

Effect of Environmental Factors on Low Weight in Non-Premature Births: A Time Series Analysis

Associations of Annual Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Components with Mitochondrial DNA Abundance

Birth outcome racial disparities: A result of intersecting social and environmental factors

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