Prenatal airshed pollutants and preterm birth in an observational birth cohort study in Detroit, Michigan, USA

Cassidy‐Bushrow, Andrea E.; Burmeister, Charlotte; Lamerato, Lois; Lemke, Lawrence D.; Mathieu, Maureen; O'Leary, B. F.; Sperone, F. Gianluca; Straughen, Jennifer K.; Reiners, John J.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109845

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…There was negligible evidence for the associations for O 3 . In fact, null or slightly inverse associations between the maternal exposure to air pollution and PTB were observed for both NO 2 and O 3 in the current studies [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Among the similar studies, negative or absent associations were not uncommon.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…On the other hand, the studies with different staging methods showed different results. For example, several researchers divided pregnancy into months or quarters to evaluate the association between maternal exposure and outcomes [ 32 , 40 , 41 ]. The exposure window difference of these research results maybe due to study design, air pollution level, regional disparity, composition of PM, and sample size, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and the Risk of Preterm Birth: A Birth Cohort Study in Chongqing, China, 2015–2020

Zhou

Ming²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Recent study results on the association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution with preterm birth have been inconsistent. The sensitive window of exposure and influence level of air pollutants varied greatly. We aimed to explore the association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of preterm birth, and to estimate the sensitive exposure time window. A total of 572,116 mother–newborn pairs, daily concentrations of air pollutants from nearest monitoring stations were used to estimate exposures for each participant during 2015–2020 in Chongqing, China. We applied a generalized additive model and estimated RRs and 95% CIs for preterm birth in each trimester and the entire pregnancy period. In the single-pollutant model, we observed that each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 had a statistically significant effect on the third trimester and entire pregnancy, with RR = 1.036 (95% CI: 1.021, 1.051) and RR = 1.101 (95% CI: 1.075, 1.128), respectively. Similarly, for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10, there were 2.7% (RR = 1.027, 95% CI: 1.016, 1.038) increase for PTB on the third trimester, and 3.8% (RR = 1.038, 95% CI: 1.020, 1.057) increase during the whole pregnancy. We found that for each 10 mg/m3 CO increases, the relative risk of PTB increased on the first trimester (RR = 1.081, 95% CI: 1.007, 1.162), second trimester (RR = 1.116, 95% CI: 1.035, 1.204), third trimester (RR = 1.167, 95% CI: 1.090, 1.250) and whole pregnancy (RR = 1.098, 95% CI: 1.011, 1.192). No statistically significant RR was found for SO2 and NO2 on each trimester of pregnancy. Our study indicates that maternal exposure to high levels of PM2.5 and PM10 during pregnancy may increase the risk for preterm birth, especially for women at the late stage of pregnancy. Statistically increased risks of preterm birth were associated with CO exposure during each trimester and entire pregnancy. Reducing exposure to ambient air pollutants for pregnant women is clearly necessary to improve the health of infants.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and the Risk of Preterm Birth: A Birth Cohort Study in Chongqing, China, 2015–2020

Zhou

Ming²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Majority of the studies [ 12 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 29 – 32 ] with particulate matter (PM 10 ) from industrial sources have shown associations with ABO: PTB [ 12 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 32 ], LBW [ 12 , 30 – 32 ], SGA [ 21 , 25 , 29 ], TLBW and [ 21 , 25 ]. A case-control study conducted in Georgia, US, found higher odds of PTB with very LBW (<1500 g) in relation to maternal exposure to PM10 in counties with an industrial point source (OR = 4.31; 95% CI 1.88–9.87) [ 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Air Pollution Leads to Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematized Review of Different Exposure Metrics and Health Effects in Newborns

et al. 2022

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Objectives: To review the evidence of associations between adverse birth outcomes (ABO) and industrial air pollution.Methods: Searches were conducted in PubMed, and Scopus databases, and additional articles were found from snowball search techniques. The included studies feature a study population of mothers with live-born babies exposed to industrial air pollutants, and they examine the effects of industrial pollutants on adverse birth outcomes—namely, low birth weight, term low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age.Results: Altogether, 45 studies were included in this review. Exposure to PM2.5, PAHs, benzene, cadmium, and mixtures of industrial air pollutants and living near an industrial area affect birth outcomes.Conclusion: This study concludes that industrial air pollution is an important risk factor for ABO, especially low birth weight and preterm birth. The strongest evidence is associations between ABO and air pollution from power plants and petrochemical industries. Understanding of specific chemicals that are critical to birth outcomes is still vague. However, the evidence is strongest for more specific air pollutants from the industry, such as PAH, benzene, BTEX, and cadmium.

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“…The studies were published over a 12-year period from 2009 to 2012. There were 14 studies from the USA [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]; eight studies from China [ 6 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]; four studies from the European region [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]; two studies from Canada [ 41 , 42 ]; two studies from Australia [ 43 , 44 ]; and one study from Peru [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Method to Establish Sufficiency and Stability in Meta-Analyses: With Application to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Preterm Birth

Pereira

2022

IJERPH

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Fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) is a potential cause of preterm birth. Inconsistent findings from observational studies have motivated researchers to conduct more studies, but some degree of study heterogeneity is inevitable. The consequence of this feedback is a burgeoning research effort that results in marginal gains. The aim of this study was to develop and apply a method to establish the sufficiency and stability of estimates of associations as they have been published over time. Cohort studies identified in a recent systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between preterm birth and whole-pregnancy exposure to PM2.5 were selected. The estimates of the cohort studies were pooled with cumulative meta-analysis, whereby a new meta-analysis was run for each new study published over time. The relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) limits needed for a new study to move the cumulative RR to 1.00 were calculated. Findings indicate that the cumulative relative risks (cRR) for PM2.5 (cRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03, 1.12) converged in 2015 (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01, 1.14). To change conclusions to a null association, a new study would need to observe a protective RR of 0.93 (95% CI limit 1.02) with precision equivalent to that achieved by all past 24 cohort studies combined. Preterm birth is associated with elevated PM2.5, and it is highly unlikely that any new observational study will alter this conclusion. Consequently, establishing whether an observational association exists is now less relevant an objective for future studies than characterising risk (magnitude, impact, pathways, populations and potential bias) and interventions. Sufficiency and stability can be effectively applied in meta-analyses and have the potential to reduce research waste.

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Prenatal airshed pollutants and preterm birth in an observational birth cohort study in Detroit, Michigan, USA

Cited by 28 publications

References 49 publications

Association between Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and the Risk of Preterm Birth: A Birth Cohort Study in Chongqing, China, 2015–2020

Association between Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and the Risk of Preterm Birth: A Birth Cohort Study in Chongqing, China, 2015–2020

Industrial Air Pollution Leads to Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematized Review of Different Exposure Metrics and Health Effects in Newborns

A Simple Method to Establish Sufficiency and Stability in Meta-Analyses: With Application to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Preterm Birth

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