Premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

Saracco-Álvarez, Ricardo; Rodríguez-Verdugo, Soledad; García-Anaya, María; Fresán, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.11.004

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These findings differ from earlier reports that schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder patients show similar levels of social dysfunction, at least in childhood and early adolescence, and that deterioration of social functioning across development occurs in both diagnoses (Norman et al, 2005; Saracco-Alvarez et al, 2009). However, these earlier findings were based on discrete comparisons of individual age groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic specificity of poor premorbid adjustment: Comparison of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and mood disorder with psychotic features

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Brown

Haas

2012

Schizophrenia Research

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Individuals with schizophrenia have significant deficits in premorbid social and academic adjustment compared to individuals with non-psychotic diagnoses. However, it is unclear how severity and developmental trajectory of premorbid maladjustment compare across psychotic disorders. This study examined the association between premorbid functioning (in childhood, early adolescence, and late adolescence) and psychotic disorder diagnosis in a first-episode sample of 105 individuals: schizophrenia (n=68), schizoaffective disorder (n=22), and mood disorder with psychotic features (n=15). Social and academic maladjustment was assessed using the Cannon-Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Worse social functioning in late adolescence was associated with higher odds of schizophrenia compared to odds of either schizoaffective disorder or mood disorder with psychotic features, independently of child and early adolescent maladjustment. Greater social dysfunction in childhood was associated with higher odds of schizoaffective disorder compared to odds of schizophrenia. Premorbid decline in academic adjustment was observed for all groups, but did not predict diagnosis at any stage of development. Results suggest that social functioning is disrupted in the premorbid phase of both schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, but remains fairly stable in mood disorders with psychotic features. Disparities in the onset and time course of social dysfunction suggest important developmental differences between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic specificity of poor premorbid adjustment: Comparison of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and mood disorder with psychotic features

Tarbox

Brown

Haas

2012

Schizophrenia Research

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“…This is consistent with data showing schizoaffective disorder to be associated with a better premorbid adjustment than schizophrenia (Saracco-Alvarez et al, 2009). Subsequent P300 reduction due to illness progression appears to occur at a faster rate in schizoaffective disorder than in schizophrenia, at least for auditory P3b and visual P3a.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Neurophysiological distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

Mathalon

2009

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Schizoaffective disorder (SA) is distinguished from schizophrenia (SZ) based on the presence of prominent mood symptoms over the illness course. Despite this clinical distinction, SA and SZ patients are often combined in research studies, in part because data supporting a distinct pathophysiological boundary between the disorders are lacking. Indeed, few studies have addressed whether neurobiological abnormalities associated with SZ, such as the widely replicated reduction and delay of the P300 event-related potential (ERP), are also present in SA. Scalp EEG was acquired from patients with DSM-IV SA (n = 15) or SZ (n = 22), as well as healthy controls (HC; n = 22) to assess the P300 elicited by infrequent target (15%) and task-irrelevant distractor (15%) stimuli in separate auditory and visual ”oddball” tasks. P300 amplitude was reduced and delayed in SZ, relative to HC, consistent with prior studies. These SZ abnormalities did not interact with stimulus type (target vs. task-irrelevant distractor) or modality (auditory vs. visual). Across sensory modality and stimulus type, SA patients exhibited normal P300 amplitudes (significantly larger than SZ patients and indistinguishable from HC). However, P300 latency and reaction time were both equivalently delayed in SZ and SA patients, relative to HC. P300 differences between SA and SZ patients could not be accounted for by variation in symptom severity, socio-economic status, education, or illness duration. Although both groups show similar deficits in processing speed, SA patients do not exhibit the P300 amplitude deficits evident in SZ, consistent with an underlying pathophysiological boundary between these disorders.

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“…In addition to psychotic symptoms, schizoaffective disorder is associated with prominent mood symptoms, although depressive symptoms are common in schizophrenia as well (Häfner et al, 2008). On average, people with schizophrenia also have more severe negative symptoms, worse premorbid adjustment, more severe impairment in everyday functioning, and poorer outcome than do people with schizoaffective disorder (Bottlender et al, 2010;Cheniaux et al, 2008;Saracco-Alvarez et al, 2009). Regarding genetic liability, schizoaffective disorder seems to be closely related to both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (Cardno et al, 2002;Laursen et al, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder

Torniainen¹,

Suvisaari²,

Partonen³

et al. 2012

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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The present study aimed to compare population-based familial samples of patients with schizophrenia (n = 218) and schizoaffective disorder (n = 62) and a healthy control group (n = 123). Patients with schizoaffective disorder outperformed patients with schizophrenia in verbal ability, processing speed, visual working memory, and verbal memory. When compared with controls, patients with schizoaffective disorder also had a generalized cognitive impairment. Adjusting for clinical characteristics removed significant differences between the patient groups. Irrespective of the diagnosis, patients with the most severe negative symptoms and highest dose of antipsychotics had the most severe cognitive impairments, whereas mood symptoms were not related to cognitive performance. In conclusion, people with schizoaffective disorder have severe cognitive impairments, but the impairments are milder than in schizophrenia. Mood symptoms may not explain the difference between the diagnostic groups in cognitive functions, but the difference may be related to differences in the severity of negative symptoms.

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Premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Diagnostic specificity of poor premorbid adjustment: Comparison of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and mood disorder with psychotic features

Diagnostic specificity of poor premorbid adjustment: Comparison of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and mood disorder with psychotic features

Neurophysiological distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder

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