Premenstrual syndrome, a common but underrated entity: review of the clinical literature

Dilbaz, Berna; Aksan, Alperen

doi:10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2020.0133

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of PMS that occurs in 3–8% females resulting in serious psychological symptoms ( 6 ). PMDD is listed as pre-menstrual syndrome/pre-menstrual tension/pre-menstrual tension syndrome in the International Classification of Diseases eleventh version (ICD-11), whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recognize it as pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent systematic review established the relationship between dysmenorrhea and academic impairment such as absenteeism, lesser participation in classroom activities, lack of concentration, and degrading academic performance ( 16 ). Female students generally prefer not to seek medical attention or self-medicate using over-the-counter pain killers or other methods to control menstrual pain ( 6 , 10 , 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Academic and Social Impact of Menstrual Disturbances in Female Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe stressful academic schedule of medical students poses an obvious challenge to their daily lifestyle. Psychosomatic discomfort poses a significant risk for inaccurate self-medication for ameliorating menstrual complications and feeling better, thus directly impacting personal and academic wellbeing.ObjectiveThe impact of menstrual disturbances on academic life is not extensively explored. Therefore, the primary objective of this research was to probe the prevalence of menstrual disturbances and assess the academic and social impact. Finally, the authors provide an overview of pharmacological and other interventions students adopt to reduce clinical symptoms.MethodsA database search was conducted from the year 2016 till September 2021 for the studies reporting the prevalence of menstrual disorders in all geographic locations of the world. Keywords used for searching databases included “menstrual disturbances” and “medical students,” “prevalence” OR “symptoms” of “Premenstrual syndrome” OR “Premenstrual dysphoric disorder” OR “Dysmenorrhea” in medical students. Prospero Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) protocols were followed. The protocol was registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), the Center for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York (CRD42021277962). The quality of the methodologies used in selected studies was evaluated by a modified version of Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS).ResultsInitially, 1527 articles were available. After a review, 26 papers were selected for analysis. A total of 25 citations were identified for quantitative analyses, out of which 16 studies reported Pre-menstrual syndrome, 7 reported Pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, and 13 articles reported dysmenorrhea. The pooled prevalence of Pre-menstrual syndrome was 51.30%, Pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder was 17.7%, and dysmenorrhea was 72.70%. Most common associated lifestyle factors were stress, excessive caffeine intake and lack of exercise. Painkillers, hot packs and hot beverages were amongst the common measures taken by the students to relieve their symptoms.ConclusionsThe current situation calls for action to accommodate students' needs and bridge the social gap regarding menstrual health. Proactive measures by medical educators and stakeholders are required for an inclusive, accommodating educational environment which will minimize the gender discrepancy in academic satisfaction and professional life.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Academic and Social Impact of Menstrual Disturbances in Female Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Many groups have published diagnostic criteria for premenstrual diseases, including the World Health Organization, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RCOG), International Society for Premenstrual Disorders (ISPMD), and the American Psychiatric Association (APA; DSM-5) (76).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorders: A Narrative Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Diagnosis

Núñez-Troconis¹

2022

Gac Méd Caracas

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The objective was to review and analyze narratively the etiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. For that purpose, Latin-American and international references were reviewed on different web pages. Publications from 1995 to April 2022 were reviewed. Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorders are of theories diseases in medicine and are found among menstruating women of all ages.

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“…Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disorder that substantially impairs normal life activities and interpersonal relationships and is associated with a woman's menstruation cycle ( 1 , 2 ). Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of PMS ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Activation During Processing of Depression Emotion in College Students With Premenstrual Syndrome in China: Preliminary Findings

Gao

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the neural substrates of processing depression emotion in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and healthy subjects of college students using blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI).MethodsDuring BOLD-fMRI scanning, 13 PMS patients and 15 healthy controls (HC) performed a picture visual stimulation task during luteal and follicular phases, in which participants and HC were asked to see pictures containing depression and non-depression emotions. Simultaneously, self-rating depression scales (SDS) were employed to evaluate the emotional status of participants.ResultsCompared to HC, right inferior occipital gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, right lingual gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, cerebelum_crus1_R, cerebelum_6_R, culmen, the cerebellum anterior lobe, tuber, and cerebellar tonsil of PMS patients showed enhanced activation. In contrast, sub-lobar, sub-gyral, extra-nuclear, right orbit part of superior frontal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right orbit part of inferior frontal gyrus, limbic lobe, right insula, bilateral anterior and adjacent cingulate gyrus, bilateral caudate, caudate head, bilateral putamen, and left globus pallidus exhibited decreased activation.ConclusionThe findings indicate that abnormal functional regulation of brain regions such as occipital lobe and cerebellum leads to abnormal changes in emotional regulation, cognitive ability, and attention distribution in PMS patients, implying significant central pathogenesis.

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Premenstrual syndrome, a common but underrated entity: review of the clinical literature

Cited by 43 publications

References 72 publications

Academic and Social Impact of Menstrual Disturbances in Female Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Academic and Social Impact of Menstrual Disturbances in Female Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorders: A Narrative Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Diagnosis

Brain Activation During Processing of Depression Emotion in College Students With Premenstrual Syndrome in China: Preliminary Findings

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