Premaxilla: up to which age it remains separated from the maxilla by a suture, how often it occurs in children and adults, and possible clinical and therapeutic implications: Study of 1,138 human skulls

Trevizan, Mariana; Filho, Paulo Nelson; Franzolin, Solange de Oliveira Braga; Consolaro, Alberto

doi:10.1590/2177-6709.23.6.016-029.oin

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Verna and Toussaint (2014) note that premaxillary sutural remnants can be observed on the palate and nasal floor of Upper Paleolithic modern humans and that their expression is like that in Late Neanderthals. In modern humans, remnants of the premaxillary suture have been observed to be present in similar age ranges, but also in adults (Trevizan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neanderthal child's maxilla from Baume Moula‐Guercy (Soyons, Ardèche, France)

Richards

Jabbour

Guipert

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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This article provides an ontogenetically‐based comparative description of the Guercy 3 partial child's maxilla with Rdm2–RM1 and unerupted RI2–RP4 from Baume Moula‐Guercy (MIS 5e) and examines its affinities to European and Middle Eastern Middle‐to‐Late Pleistocene (≈MIS 14–MIS 1) Homo. Description of the Guercy 3 maxilla and dentition (7.0 year ± 0.9 month) is based on observations of original fossils, casts, CT scans, literature descriptions, and virtual reconstructions. Our ontogenetic sample comprises a Preneanderthal—Neanderthal group and a Homo sapiens group. These groups are subdivided into (1) Preneanderthals (≈MIS 14–9), Early Neanderthals (MIS 7‐5e), and Late Neanderthals (MIS 5d‐3), and (2) Middle (MIS 5), Upper (MIS 3–2), and Late Upper Paleolithic (≈MIS 1), and recent H. sapiens. Standard techniques were employed for measurements and developmental age determinations.The Guercy 3 maxilla lacks changes found in Late Neanderthals, including the positioning of the root of the zygomatic process, infraorbital and nasal plates, premaxilla, buccal and labial alveolus, maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, and verticality of anterior tooth implantation. The morphology of the Guercy 3 maxilla more closely approximates that of Sima de los Huesos Preneanderthals, while the dentition more closely approximates the Early–Late Neanderthal condition. Maxillary remains of children and juveniles between MIS 14–MIS 5e are rare, and the available sample is fragmentary and distorted. Although fragmentary, the Guercy 3 maxilla is undistorted and provides new insights into the evolution of the midface in Neanderthals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neanderthal child's maxilla from Baume Moula‐Guercy (Soyons, Ardèche, France)

Richards

Jabbour

Guipert

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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“…Una sutura ossea è una connessione tra due elementi distinti, costituita da una stretta banda di tessuto connettivo fibroso denso così da formare un'articolazione inamovibile; anche nel complesso mascellare le suture, continuamente rimodellate dalle stimolazioni biomeccaniche, svolgono un ruolo importante nella crescita. Il complesso mascellare è composto da ossa membranose altamente malleabili, le cui suture agiscono come siti di crescita che proliferano quando sono sottoposte a trazione; nel cranio del neonato le suture sono ampiamente aperte per consentire la crescita ossea (Trevizan et al 2018).…”

Section: Scomparsa Del C/p3 Honing Complexunclassified

Origini, forma e (dis)funzioni dell’apparato masticatorio in Homo sapiens

Papini

2023

Studi E Saggi

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The anatomical-functional structure with which human beings are equipped today has its roots in our evolutionary history: knowing the latter helps us understand why our body looks like this and functions in this way. Every living being, including Homo sapiens, is the result of a progressive stratification of forms that have adapted to environmental pressures which have shaped their morphology from deep time until today. Our masticatory apparatus (evolutionarily very recent) began to develop with the advent of mammals around 250 million years ago, structuring itself with a unique morphology and function, closely linked to the upright posture typical of the Homo genus and to globular encephalisation, a characterizing peculiarity Homo sapiens.

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“…This suture goes down from the junction of the maxillary and premaxillary growth centers, near the lower portion of the pyriform aperture, to the alveolar margin of the canines, crossing the palate to the incisive foramina. Trevizan et al (2018) analyzed the premaxillary sutures in 1138 human dry skulls and found that all sutures gradually closed at a rate of 3.72% per year from birth to 12 years old and were not fully closed at the age of 12 yet. Therefore, during the peak and pre-peak growth periods of children, the premaxillary suture can be opened by expander appliance to promote the growth of premaxilla, which can correct the hypoplasia of the anterior maxilla effectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element analysis of sagittal screw expander appliance in the treatment of anterior maxillary hypoplasia

Zhang,

Liu,

Dong

2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The skeletal anterior crossbite is a common malocclusion in clinic. However, there have been no reports on the maxillary sagittal expansion to correct the premaxillary hypoplasia, which greatly influences the facial morphology and masticatory function, using finite element analysis. In the present study, a three-dimensional finite element model of craniomaxillofacial complex with maxillary sagittal hypoplasia is constructed and the treatment for premaxillary hypoplasia by the sagittal screw expander appliance is simulated. The hypoplasia of the left premaxilla is more serious than that of the right and thus the size of the left part of premaxillary expander baseplate is designed to be larger than that of the right part and the loading is applied at 10° leftward to the sagittal plane and 30° forward and downward to the maxillary occlusal plane. The displacements or equivalent stress distributions of the maxilla, teeth and their periodontal ligaments, are analyzed under the loads of 5.0 N, 10.0 N, 15.0 N, and 20.0 N. Consequently, as the load increases, the displacements or equivalent stresses of the maxilla, teeth and their periodontal ligaments all increase. Almost the whole premaxilla markedly move forward, downward, and leftward while other areas in the craniomaxillofacial complex remain almost static or have little displacement. The equivalent stress concentration zone of the maxilla mainly occurs around and in front of the incisive foramina. The displacements of left premaxilla are generally greater than those of the right under the loading forces. The maximum equivalent stress on the teeth and their periodontal ligaments are 2.34E-02 MPa and 2.98E-03 MPa, respectively. Taken together, the sagittal screw expander appliance can effectively open the premaxillary suture to promote the growth of the premaxilla. An asymmetrical design of sagittal screw expander appliance achieves the asymmetric expansion of the premaxilla to correct the uneven hypoplasia and obtains the more symmetrical aesthetic presentation. This study might provide a solid basis and theoretical guidance for the clinical application of sagittal screw expander appliance in the efficient, accurate, and personalized treatment of premaxillary hypoplasia.

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Premaxilla: up to which age it remains separated from the maxilla by a suture, how often it occurs in children and adults, and possible clinical and therapeutic implications: Study of 1,138 human skulls

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Neanderthal child's maxilla from Baume Moula‐Guercy (Soyons, Ardèche, France)

Neanderthal child's maxilla from Baume Moula‐Guercy (Soyons, Ardèche, France)

Origini, forma e (dis)funzioni dell’apparato masticatorio in Homo sapiens

Finite element analysis of sagittal screw expander appliance in the treatment of anterior maxillary hypoplasia

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