Premature Thoughts on Writing Disorders

Abstract

Three papers appeared in the 19 th century describing the dissociation between speech and writing: Marcé (1856), Ogle (1867) and Pitres (1884). An account of the convincing evidence of dissociations put forward in these papers is presented. Three explanations are proposed as to the reason why the observations reported by these authors were overlooked or rejected by their contemporaries, namely: a) in the first half of the century it seems that very little knowledge of the processes underlying writing (as opposed to speech) was available, b) the debates focussed on the independence of speech versus motor control and language versus the intellect, c) parallelisms between phylogeny, ontogeny and aphasia impeded the application of the principle of double dissociations, including the dissociations between speech and writing. It is argued that this phenomenon in the history of aphasia is best captured by the concept of prematurity in scientific discovery proposed by Stent (1972Stent ( , 2003.

Neurolinguistics and the Non-monolingual Brain

“…At the same time, the possibility of its existence has been rejected a priori on theoretical grounds. This raises issues regarding the rareness of an observation which by its compelling nature is viewed as requiring an explanatory account on the one hand, or as an exception ruled as a methodologically flawed piece of outlier data (Barrière and Lorch, 2004).…”