Premature menopause

Zárate, Arturo; Karchmer, S; Gómez, E.; Castelazo-Ayala, L

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(70)90134-1

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Lymphocytic oophoritis is an exceptional finding in these patients as it has been described in only 6/198 patients with POF not associated with AAD, while in the majority, follicular activity without evidence of lymphocytic infiltration was found (95,(101)(102)(103)(104)(105)(106)(107)(108)(109)(110)(111)(112)(113)(114)(115)(116). These data indicate that the absence of lymphocytic oophoritis cannot be regarded as conclusive evidence against an autoimmune aetiology, as this could equally be due to immunological mechanisms, such as blocking antibodies hypothesized for Savage's syndrome.…”

Section: Pof Isolated or Associated With Autoimmune Diseases Other Thmentioning

confidence: 93%

Adrenal and ovarian autoimmunity

Betterle

Volpato²

1998

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Section: Pof Isolated or Associated With Autoimmune Diseases Other Thmentioning

confidence: 93%

Adrenal and ovarian autoimmunity

Betterle

Volpato²

1998

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…This group probably is still a heterogeneous one, consisting of patients with early follicular depletion and patients with the resistant ovary syndrome, in whom follicles are still present in the ovaries. Since differentiation between these forms would be essential to evaluate the benefit of therapeutic interventions, several authors performed biopsies or wedge resections either by laparoscopy or by laparotomy (Kinch et al, 1965;Emperaire et al, 1970;Zarate et al, 1970;Sharf et al, 1972;Starup and Sele, 1973;Falk, 1977;Duignan, 1978;Board et al, 1979;Rebar et al, 1982;Russell et al, 1982;Menon et al, 1984;Miyaka et al, 1987;Rebar and Conolly, 1990;Muechler et al, 1991). They either found a few (in 30%) or numerous follicles (in 10%) in about 40% of all patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premature ovarian failure: a systematic review on therapeutic interventions to restore ovarian function and achieve pregnancy

Kasteren

Schoemaker²

1999

Human Reproduction Update

332

193

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Infertility is an important issue for patients with premature ovarian failure (POF). Although oocyte donation offers an alternative method to achieve a pregnancy, many patients seek to reproduce with their own gametes. We performed a literature search to evaluate the possibility of pregnancy following diagnosis, and the additional value of treatment strategies. We found 52 case reports, eight observational studies, nine uncontrolled studies and seven controlled trials. Due to a strong variability in study design, patient selection and mode of intervention, it was not possible to combine the data of the seven studies to perform a meta-analysis. None of the studies showed a statistically significant difference between both (or more) study groups. Due to a lack of incorporation of a placebo group, preference of any treatment over no treatment could not be established. Importantly, the collected data of observational, uncontrolled and controlled studies indicate that POF patients still have a 5-10% chance to conceive following diagnosis. Approximately 80% of the reported pregnancies resulted in the birth of a healthy child. There is no evidence that any treatment can enhance this pregnancy rate.

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“…The typical menstrual history in patients with premature ovarian failure indicates a normal age at menarche with regular periods for various lengths of time followed either by amenorrhoea abruptly or by a period of oligomenorrhoea before the onset of amenorrhoea (2, 5, l l , 14,18,24). It is generally agreed that the secondary sexual characteristics are normal in these patients, which indicates that they previously have had a normal secretion of hormones from the ovaries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Premature Ovarian Failure

Starup

Sele

1973

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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. Twenty‐six patients with premature ovarian failure (last menstrual period before the age of 30 years) were evaluated clinically and endocrinologically and, in addition, ovarian biopsies were obtained in 15 out of the 26 patients. Only 1 of the patients revealed a family history of early menopause. The typical menstrual pattern indicated a normal age at menarche with regular periods for various length of time followed either by amenorrhoea abruptly or by a period of oligomenorrhoea before the onset of amenorrhoea. All patients showed normal or slightly underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics, and it should be noted that 2 patients had been pregnant previously. It was characteristic of all patients that the excretion of total gonadotropins was constantly increased and that the excretion of total oestrogens was low, whereas both the adrenal and thyroid function were normal. All patients were X‐chromatin positive. In 13 out of the 15 patients, in whom ovarian biopsies were obtained, the histological examination revealed a normal stroma without or with very few primordial and atretic follicles, a picture very similar to that characteristic of the postmenopausal ovary. In the last 2 patients, however, the histological examination showed a quite different picture, viz. a normal stroma with numerous primordial and primary follicles and even a few growing follicles. In spite of these morphologically normal follicles, it was not possible to stimulate the follicular development and to induce ovulation even with very high doses of human gonadotrophins. It is, therefore, concluded that the presence of a few growing follicles in the ovaries does not seem to exclude the diagnosis of premature ovarian failure. Only 14 out of the 26 patients had the typical symptoms of the climacteric, and even in these cases the nuisance was only of a mild to moderate degree. It is generally agreed that all patients with symptoms should receive substitution therapy, but the essential risk of ischaemic heart disease and osteoporosis, together with the unquestionable psychological effect of having regular menstrual bleeding, have led us to the conclusion that this therapy is indicated in all cases of premature ovarian failure. Cyclical treatment either with a sequential preparation or with oestrogens alone is the treatment of choice.

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Premature menopause

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Adrenal and ovarian autoimmunity

Adrenal and ovarian autoimmunity

Premature ovarian failure: a systematic review on therapeutic interventions to restore ovarian function and achieve pregnancy

Premature Ovarian Failure

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