Premature birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age and chronic non-communicable diseases in adult life: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Mendonça, Elaine Luiza Santos Soares de; Macêna, Mateus de Lima; Bueno, Nassib Bezerra; Oliveira, Alane Cabral Menezes de; Mello, Carolina Santos

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105154

Cited by 67 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…We are not the first to question the role of SGA 10 th weight centile as the definition of growth restriction [ 7 , 21 ], nor to be concerned about the long-term effects of abnormal umbilical artery blood flow [ 13 ]. Clear associations between prematurity, low birth weight and SGA, and chronic non-communicable diseases in adult life have been demonstrated [ 24 ]. Detecting FGR is a high priority and Hirst et al reported that the greatest risk of stillbirths was in babies not suspected to have been growth-restricted antenatally and that current strategies to detect FGR are not very effective [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ability of continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound to detect fetal growth restriction

et al. 2021

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Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR), defined as a fetus failing to reach its genetic growth potential, remains poorly diagnosed antenatally. This study aimed to assess the ability of continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery (CWD-UmA) to detect FGR in healthy women with low-risk pregnancies. Methods and findings This prospective longitudinal descriptive cohort study enrolled infants born to low-risk mothers who were screened with CWD-UmA between 28–34 weeks’ gestation; the resistance index (RI) was classified as normal or abnormal. Infants were assessed at 6, 10, 14 weeks, and 6 months postnatally for anthropometric indicators and body composition using the deuterium dilution method to assess fat-free mass (FFM). Neonates in the abnormal RI group were compared with those in the normal RI group, and neonates classified as small-for-gestational age (SGA) were compared with appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) neonates. Eighty-one term infants were included. Only 6 of 26 infants (23.1%) with an abnormal RI value would have been classified as SGA. The abnormal RI group had significantly reduced mean FFM and FFM-for-age Z-scores at 6, 10, 14 weeks, and 6 months compared with the normal RI group (P<0.015). The SGA group’s FFM did not show this consistent trend when compared to AGA FFM, being significantly different only at 6 months (P = 0.039). The main limitation of the study was the small sample size of the infant follow-up. Conclusions Abnormal RI obtained from CWD-UmA is able to detect FGR and is considered a useful addition to classifying the neonate only by SGA or AGA at birth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ability of continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound to detect fetal growth restriction

et al. 2021

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“…6 An estimated 20 million babies are born annually with low birth weight (<2500 g) 7 , 15 million preterm 8 , and 23 million small-for gestational age (SGA). 9 In addition to increased mortality, these children have a higher risk of chronic health problems throughout childhood, adolescence and adulthood 10 , resulting in loss of human capital, and ill health even for the next generation. Given these statistics, there is a compelling need for added investment in fetal and newborn health.…”

Section: Main Text (789 Words + 1 Figure + Figure Legend)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Small Vulnerable Newborn Series: science for a healthy start

et al. 2020

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“…In a recent systematic review, de Mendonça and associates examined 64 studies and found an association between LBW, SGA, and preterm birth with cardiometabolic disorders, glycidic metabolism disorders, and increased risk of metabolic syndrome [ 10 ]. In their meta-analysis of 18 articles, there was a positive association between LBW and incidence of cardiometabolic disease, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes in adulthood.…”

Section: Fetal Growth and Importance Of Nutrition: Barker Hypothesis And Dohad Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Modifications at the Center of the Barker Hypothesis and Their Transgenerational Implications

Ryznar

Phibbs

Winkle

2021

IJERPH

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Embryo/fetal nutrition and the environment in the reproductive tract influence the subsequent risk of developing adult diseases and disorders, as formulated in the Barker hypothesis. Metabolic syndrome, obesity, heart disease, and hypertension in adulthood have all been linked to unwanted epigenetic programing in embryos and fetuses. Multiple studies support the conclusion that environmental challenges, such as a maternal low-protein diet, can change one-carbon amino acid metabolism and, thus, alter histone and DNA epigenetic modifications. Since histones influence gene expression and the program of embryo development, these epigenetic changes likely contribute to the risk of adult disease onset not just in the directly affected offspring, but for multiple generations to come. In this paper, we hypothesize that the effects of parental nutritional status on fetal epigenetic programming are transgenerational and warrant further investigation. Numerous studies supporting this hypothesis are reviewed, and potential research techniques to study these transgenerational epigenetic effects are offered.

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Premature birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age and chronic non-communicable diseases in adult life: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Cited by 67 publications

References 104 publications

The ability of continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound to detect fetal growth restriction

The ability of continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound to detect fetal growth restriction

The Lancet Small Vulnerable Newborn Series: science for a healthy start

Epigenetic Modifications at the Center of the Barker Hypothesis and Their Transgenerational Implications

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