Premarital sexual practice and its associated factors in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background Globally, large numbers of adolescents engage in premarital sexual practice. Youths who begin early sexual activity are more likely to be exposed for high-risk of having multiple sexual partners, infection with Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) and other sexual transmitted diseases. There are pocket studies which reported meager and fragmented evidences across different parts of Ethiopia related with this issue, hence the aim of this review was also to estimate those meager evidences and come up with concrete information at the national level.Methods articles were retrived through search engines such as: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal, and Cochrane Library using the preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of the included articles. Random effect model analysis technique was considered to estimate the pooled prevalence of premarital sexual practice with their respective odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Cochran’s Q statistic, Egger’s and Begg’s test and meta regression were carried out to assess heterogeneity, publication bias and to identify associated factors respectively.Results Exactly 24 articles with total sample size 14,872 individuals were included for this review. The pooled estimate of premarital sexual practice at the national level was 30.98% (95% CI: 26.74, 35.21). Being female sex (OR=1.55: 95% CI; 1.01, 2.37), age >18yrs (OR=2.39: 95% CI; 1.29, 4.42), being alcohol abuser with (OR=3.47; 95% CI; 1.94, 6.19) and exposed to pornography (OR=3.24:95% CI; 1.95, 5.38) were the associated factors of premarital sexual practice in Ethiopia.Conclusion The pooled prevalence of premarital sexual practice in Ethiopia was high in comparison with other countries. So that it is the strong recommendations of the authors’ to provide an integrated youth’s reproductive and sexual health services on the local context to decrease their exposure for premarital sexual practices and its negative impact on future life opportunities. Keywords: Pooled; Premarital; Sexual; Practice; Prevalence; Ethiopia .