Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Redoubt Volcano, Alaska

Waythomas, Christopher F.; Dorava, Joseph M.; Miller, Thomas P.; Neal, Christina A.; McGimsey, Robert G.

doi:10.3133/ofr97857

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thus, if Tustumena and Paradox Lakes had identical tephra-fall recording properties, their tephra records should be similar because the lakes are only 40 km apart. Variations in winds and tephra-plume height may force plumes to the north or south of the peninsula, so that tephra may occasionally fall on only one, or neither of the lakes (e.g., AD 1990 Redoubt and AD 1992 Spurr eruptions; Waythomas et al, 1997;McGimsey et al, 2001). Averaged over a longer time interval, however, the frequency of ash fall should not be affected by transient variations in individual plumes, but rather reflect conditions under predominant wind and average duration and style of eruptions.…”

Section: Controls On the Quality Of The Tephra Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary distal tephra-fall deposits in lacustrine sediments, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska

et al. 2007

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Tephra-fall deposits from Cook Inlet volcanoes were detected in sediment cores from Tustumena and Paradox Lakes, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, using magnetic susceptibility and petrography. The ages of tephra layers were estimated using 21 14C ages on macrofossils. Tephras layers are typically fine, gray ash, 1–5 mm thick, and composed of varying proportions of glass shards, pumice, and glass-coated phenocrysts. Of the two lakes, Paradox Lake contained a higher frequency of tephra (0.8 tephra/100 yr; 109 over the 13,200-yr record). The unusually large number of tephra in this lake relative to others previously studied in the area is attributed to the lake's physiography, sedimentology, and limnology. The frequency of ash fall was not constant through the Holocene. In Paradox Lake, tephra layers are absent between ca. 800–2200, 3800–4800, and 9000–10,300 cal yr BP, despite continuously layered lacustrine sediment. In contrast, between 5000 and 9000 cal yr BP, an average of 1.7 tephra layers are present per 100 yr. The peak period of tephra fall (7000–9000 cal yr BP; 2.6 tephra/100 yr) in Paradox Lake is consistent with the increase in volcanism between 7000 and 9000 yr ago recorded in the Greenland ice cores.

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Section: Controls On the Quality Of The Tephra Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary distal tephra-fall deposits in lacustrine sediments, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska

et al. 2007

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“…Hazards from volcanigenic tsunami in the Cook Inlet region of southern Alaska have been discussed for Augustine (Kienle et al 1987;Begét and Kienle 1992;Siebert et al 1995;Troshina 1996;Waythomas 1997) and Redoubt volcanoes (Waythomas et al 1998), but the topic of tsunami generation by caldera-forming eruptions in Alaska has received limited attention . Eight or more caldera-forming eruptions with volumes of 10 km 3 or more (bulk volume) have occurred in the Holocene, and pyroclastic-flow deposits from most Holocene volcanic centers extend to the present coastline (Miller and Smith 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunami generation by pyroclastic flow during the 3500-year B.P. caldera-forming eruption of Aniakchak Volcano, Alaska

Waythomas

Neal

1998

Bull Volcanol

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A discontinuous pumiceous sand, a few centimeters to tens of centimeters thick, is located up to 15 m above mean high tide within Holocene peat along the northern Bristol Bay coastline of Alaska. The bed consists of fine-to-coarse, poorly to moderately wellsorted, pumice-bearing sand near the top of a 2-m-thick peat sequence. The sand bed contains rip-up clasts of peat and tephra and is unique in the peat sequence. Major element compositions of juvenile glass from the deposit and radiocarbon dating of enclosing peat support correlation of the pumiceous sand with the caldera-forming eruption of Aniakchak Volcano. The distribution of the sand and its sedimentary characteristics are consistent with emplacement by tsunami. The pumiceous sand most likely represents redeposition by tsunami of climactic fallout tephra and beach sand during the approximately 3.5 ka Aniakchak caldera-forming eruption on the Alaska Peninsula. We propose that a tsunami was generated by the sudden entrance of a rapidly moving, voluminous pyroclastic flow from Aniakchak into Bristol Bay. A seismic trigger for the tsunami is unlikely, because tectonic structures suitable for tsunami generation are present only south of the Alaska Peninsula. The pumiceous sand in coastal peat of northern Bristol Bay is the first documented geologic evidence of a tsunami initiated by a volcanic eruption in Alaska.

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Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Redoubt Volcano, Alaska

Abstract: AVO also plays a key role in notification and tracking of eruptions on the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia as part of a formal working relationship with the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT).

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Late Quaternary distal tephra-fall deposits in lacustrine sediments, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska

Late Quaternary distal tephra-fall deposits in lacustrine sediments, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska

Tsunami generation by pyroclastic flow during the 3500-year B.P. caldera-forming eruption of Aniakchak Volcano, Alaska

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