Preliminary Vegetation Maps of the World since the Last Glacial Maximum: An Aid to Archaeological Understanding

Adams, Jonathan M.; Faure, H.

doi:10.1006/jasc.1996.0146

Cited by 165 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Forest cover in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere decreased during both experiments due to a gradual cooling. This causes a southward retreat of the treeline, which agrees with reconstructions (Adams and Faure, 1997;Prentice et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…(based on pollen) and by Adams and Faure (1997) total carbon storage anomaly in the terrestrial biosphere for all experiments. Shown are 1000 year running means, the grey areas indicate ± 2 standard deviations of the CTL experiment.…”

Section: Comparison With Vegetation Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BIOME 6000 project (Prentice and Webb III, 1998;Prentice et al, 2000) provide a reconstruction for 6 ky B.P. based on pollen data, and Adams and Faure (1997) published reconstructions for 8 and 5 ky B.P. based on several sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene

et al. 2006

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Abstract.A complex earth system model (atmosphere and ocean general circulation models, ocean biogeochemistry and terrestrial biosphere) was used to perform transient simulations of two interglacial sections (Eemian, 128-113 ky B.P., and Holocene, 9 ky B.P.-present). The changes in terrestrial carbon storage during these interglacials were studied with respect to changes in the earth's orbit. The effects of different climate factors on changes in carbon storage were studied in offline experiments in which the vegetation model was forced only with temperature, hydrological parameters, radiation, or CO 2 concentration from the transient runs.The largest anomalies in terrestrial carbon storage were caused by temperature changes. However, the increase in storage due to forest expansion and increased photosynthesis in the high latitudes was nearly balanced by the decrease due to increased respiration. Large positive effects on carbon storage were caused by an enhanced monsoon circulation in the subtropics between 128 and 121 ky B.P. and between 9 and 6 ky B.P., and by increases in incoming radiation during summer for 45 • to 70 • N compared to a control simulation with present-day insolation.Compared to this control simulation, the net effect of these changes was a positive carbon storage anomaly in the terrestrial biosphere of about 200 Pg C for 125 ky B.P. and 7 ky B.P., and a negative anomaly around 150 Pg C for 116 ky B.P. Although the net increases for Eemian and Holocene were rather similar, the magnitudes of the processes causing these effects were different. The decrease in terrestrial carbon storage during the experiments was the main driver of an increase in atmospheric CO 2 concentration during both the Eemian and the Holocene.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Comparison With Vegetation Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene

et al. 2006

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“…Despite this long history of land connections, there exists a marked biogeographic boundary between western (Malay Peninsula and Sumatra) and eastern (Borneo) Sundaland (3,5,6). These differences have been explained by a hypothesized north-south-oriented savanna corridor through the center of Sundaland that blocked dispersal of wet forest species (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Although there is strong evidence for drier conditions within the region during the last glacial period (10,(12)(13)(14)(15), the presence of a continuous north-south savanna corridor through the center of Sundaland remains controversial, and most coupled vegetationclimate reconstructions contradict this possibility (4,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soils on exposed Sunda Shelf shaped biogeographic patterns in the equatorial forests of Southeast Asia

Slik

Aiba

Bastian

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The marked biogeographic difference between western (Malay Peninsula and Sumatra) and eastern (Borneo) Sundaland is surprising given the long time that these areas have formed a single landmass. A dispersal barrier in the form of a dry savanna corridor during glacial maxima has been proposed to explain this disparity. However, the short duration of these dry savanna conditions make it an unlikely sole cause for the biogeographic pattern. An additional explanation might be related to the coarse sandy soils of central Sundaland. To test these two nonexclusive hypotheses, we performed a floristic cluster analysis based on 111 tree inventories from Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo. We then identified the indicator genera for clusters that crossed the central Sundaland biogeographic boundary and those that did not cross and tested whether drought and coarse-soil tolerance of the indicator genera differed between them. We found 11 terminal floristic clusters, 10 occurring in Borneo, 5 in Sumatra, and 3 in Peninsular Malaysia. Indicator taxa of clusters that occurred across Sundaland had significantly higher coarse-soil tolerance than did those from clusters that occurred east or west of central Sundaland. For drought tolerance, no such pattern was detected. These results strongly suggest that exposed sandy sea-bed soils acted as a dispersal barrier in central Sundaland. However, we could not confirm the presence of a savanna corridor. This finding makes it clear that proposed biogeographic explanations for plant and animal distributions within Sundaland, including possible migration routes for early humans, need to be reevaluated.climate change | human migration | plant distribution | sea-level change

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“…Indeed, maps of paleovegetation have been shown to change as climatic conditions ‡uctuate (Adams and Faure, 1997). This, in turn, implies that the availability and variety of food resources vary accordingly.…”

Section: A2 Climatic Stress and Food Procurement Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Climatic Origins of the Neolithic Revolution: Theory and Evidence

Ashraf

Michalopoulos

2011

SSRN Journal

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This research examines theoretically and empirically the origins of agriculture. The theory highlights the role of climatic sequences as a fundamental determinant of both technological sophistication and population density in a hunter-gatherer regime. It argues that foragers facing volatile environments were forced to take advantage of their geographic endowments at a faster pace. Consequently, as long as climatic shocks preserved the possibility for agriculture, di¤erences in the rate at which foragers were climatically propelled to exploit their habitat determined the comparative evolution of hunter-gatherer societies towards farming. The theory is tested using both cross-country and cross-archaeological site data on the emergence of farming. Consistent with the theory, the empirical analysis demonstrates that, conditional on biogeographic endowments, climatic volatility has a non-monotonic e¤ect on the timing of the transition to agriculture. Farming was undertaken earlier in regions characterized by intermediate levels of climatic volatility, with regions subjected to either too high or too low intertemporal variability transiting later.

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Preliminary Vegetation Maps of the World since the Last Glacial Maximum: An Aid to Archaeological Understanding

Cited by 165 publications

References 90 publications

Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene

Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene

Soils on exposed Sunda Shelf shaped biogeographic patterns in the equatorial forests of Southeast Asia

The Climatic Origins of the Neolithic Revolution: Theory and Evidence

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Preliminary Vegetation Maps of the World since the Last Glacial Maximum: An Aid to Archaeological Understanding

Cited by 165 publications

References 90 publications

Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene

Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene

Soils on exposed Sunda Shelf shaped biogeographic patterns in the equatorial forests of Southeast Asia

The Climatic Origins of the Neolithic Revolution: Theory and Evidence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene

Dynamics of the terrestrial biosphere, climate and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration during interglacials: a comparison between Eemian and Holocene