Preliminary trials on the efficacy and toxicity of ivermectin against Lernathropus kroyeri Van Beneden, 1851 in cultured sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L.

Athanassopoulou, F.; Ragias, V.; Tavla, J.; Christofilogiannis, P.; Liberis, N

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2001.00522.x

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The only in‐feed treatments available for sea lice in salmon are the chitin inhibitors and ivermectin, and related drugs such as emamectin benzoate (Roth et al., 1993). In Mediterranean fish only a few drugs were proved to be efficient against the isopod and copepod parasites, namely: ivermectin and deltamethrin (Athanassopoulou et al., 2001a,b, 2002). Preliminary work with emamectin benzoate in sea bass was not very promising (D. Bouboulis, unpubl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental treatments with diflubenzuron and deltamethrin of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., infected with the isopod, Ceratothoa oestroides

Bouboulis¹,

Athanassopoulou

Tyrpenou

2004

J Appl Ichthyol

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Sea bass with approximate average weights of 5 and 20 g were treated against Ceratothoa oestroides infection with: (i) medicated pellets of diflubenzuron PC90 at a dosage of 3 mg kg )1 body weight (BW) per day for 14 days. Lice were counted at the beginning of treatment and 19 days after treatment. The drug cleared all lice in the treated group; in the control group, infection remained high 30 days after beginning the experiment. It was concluded that medicated pellets containing 3 mg kg )1 BW diflubenzuron effectively cleared pre-adult and adult stages of the isopod parasite over a 14-day period. No adverse effects were recorded in treated sea bass during the trials and no reinfection occurred 15 days after end of the treatment. (ii) Deltamethrin by means of bath treatments in infected sea bass kept in experimental tanks at 20°C. Before treatment, toxicity on healthy fish was preliminarily assessed by testing five fish from each size group at concentrations of 30, 10, 5, 3, 1, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01 mg L )1 for 30 min. The therapeutic concentrations tested were: 10, 5, 3, 0.15, 0.1, and 0.05 lg L )1 and assessed at 1, 24 and 48 h. Best results were achieved with the 10 lg L )1 (0.01 mg L )1 ) dose, where prevalence was reduced from 100 to 0% over 24 h in both large and small fish. No parasite recovery was observed at 48 h. The dose of 5 lg L )1 reduced prevalence from 100 to 11.7% and to 0% for small and large fish, respectively. Finally, with the 3 lg L )1 dose, prevalence was reduced from 100 to 37.5% (small fish) and to 13.3% (large fish). Lower doses were ineffective on the parasites at either 24 or 48 h.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental treatments with diflubenzuron and deltamethrin of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., infected with the isopod, Ceratothoa oestroides

Bouboulis¹,

Athanassopoulou

Tyrpenou

2004

J Appl Ichthyol

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“…500 000 fish cage − 1 ), and, an est. price of US$ 0•40 juvenile − 1 (see Table 7) 2000 Athanassopoulou et al (2001b) 25…”

Section: Lernanthropus Kroyerimentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic costs of protistan and metazoan parasites to global mariculture

Shinn¹,

et al. 2014

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Parasites have a major impact on global finfish and shellfish aquaculture, having significant effects on farm production, sustainability and economic viability. Parasite infections and impacts can, according to pathogen and context, be considered to be either unpredictable/sporadic or predictable/regular. Although both types of infection may result in the loss of stock and incur costs associated with the control and management of infection, predictable infections can also lead to costs associated with prophylaxis and related activities. The estimation of the economic cost of a parasite event is frequently complicated by the complex interplay of numerous factors associated with a specific incident, which may range from direct production losses to downstream socio-economic impacts on livelihoods and satellite industries associated with the primary producer. In this study, we examine the world's major marine and brackish water aquaculture production industries and provide estimates of the potential economic costs attributable to a range of key parasite pathogens using 498 specific events for the purposes of illustration and estimation of costs. This study provides a baseline resource for risk assessment and the development of more robust biosecurity practices, which can in turn help mitigate against and/or minimise the potential impacts of parasite-mediated disease in aquaculture.

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“…European sea bass were spontaneously infected by L. kroyeri , van Beneden (1851), a crustacean copepod mesoparasite of the gills, which has a strong host specificity for this fish species (11). Lernanthropus kroyeri infection was previously reported in Greece (5,12), but no such infection was previously encountered in the laboratory facilities. The fish were therefore suspected to be already carrier of the parasite although unnoticed until 2 weeks after their arrival in the laboratory facilities, probably because of the small size of the initial sample (8/1000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mediterranean farming of European sea bass, intensive inshore floating cages are mostly used, where fish are exposed to a large number of parasitic agents due to low water changing rate and high fish densities (2). In such conditions, mortalities due to ecto‐parasites have been observed in the Greek aquaculture of European sea bass, mainly affected by the isopod Ceratothoa oestroides (3), by the monogenean Diplectanum aequans (4) and by the copepod Lernanthropus kroyeri (4,5). Very little is known of Lernanthropus spp ., although this genus is amongst the most common genera of parasitic copepods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very little is known of Lernanthropus spp ., although this genus is amongst the most common genera of parasitic copepods. It has been responsible for high mortalities mainly in small Mediterranean sea bass, as a result of asphyxia and anaemia following degradation of the environmental conditions (5). Whereas the effects of bacteria and viruses on the immune system of fish have been extensively studied in the past, only recent studies have focused on the effects of parasites on the fish immune system (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of a natural parasitical infection (Lernanthropus kroyeri) on the immune system of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L

Henry

Alexis

Fountoulaki

et al. 2009

Parasite Immunology

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The immune response of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, to a natural infection by the copepod parasite Lernanthropus kroyeri was evaluated for the first time in vivo. The results clearly demonstrated the triggering of the fish immune system by the parasite. Lysozyme activity and alternative complement pathway were involved in the early action against the parasitical infection, whilst classical complement and respiratory burst (RB) activity took over in the later stages of infection. It was hypothesized that the levels of alternative and classical complement and RB stimulation indexes may determine the resistance capacity of the fish to the parasite. It is not clear how parasites can survive despite the strong immunological arsenal deployed by the fish. The continual increase of prevalence and severity of parasite infection suggested that the parasite's mechanism of evasion of the immune system was extremely successful. The contrasting decrease in the negative effects of parasites on the fish health (such as gills anaemia) suggested that an equilibrium between the parasites and their hosts was reached in chronic infection. These dynamic interactions between parasites and fish hosts were probably the main determinant of host specificity.

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Preliminary trials on the efficacy and toxicity of ivermectin against Lernathropus kroyeri Van Beneden, 1851 in cultured sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L.

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental treatments with diflubenzuron and deltamethrin of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., infected with the isopod, Ceratothoa oestroides

Experimental treatments with diflubenzuron and deltamethrin of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., infected with the isopod, Ceratothoa oestroides

Economic costs of protistan and metazoan parasites to global mariculture

Effects of a natural parasitical infection (Lernanthropus kroyeri) on the immune system of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L

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