“…Quadrupole mass spectrometry has developed through several stages to its current stage of relatively high performance and increasing popularity. 1,2 The quadrupole mass filter principle, which was invented by Paul and Steinwedel 3 has been widely applied to mass spectrometry, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] ion cooling and spectroscopy, [11][12][13] frequency standards 14,15 and, quantum computing. 16,17 To apply various objectives, various geometries of the mass spectrometer have been suggested.…”