Preliminary survey on cold fusion: It’s not pathological science and may require revision of nuclear theory

Freire, Luciano Ondir; Andrade, Delvonei Alves de

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115871

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Cavitation may induce implosion of water vapor bubbles using various techniques 1 – 10 . In the previous study, we found that the heat exchange process in multiple-pipe heat exchanger produces anomalous excess heat and nuclear transmutation 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water can trigger nuclear reaction to produce energy and isotope gases

Huang,

Pan,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This paper reports the discovery that water can trigger a peculiar nuclear reaction and produce energy. Cavitation may induce unusual reactions through implosion of water vapor bubbles. Many of this research has been published formally or informally. We have conducted experiments using two reactor types made from multiple-pipe heat exchanger and found that the heat exchange process of water produces peculiar excess heat and abnormally high pressure leading to rupture of the reactor. Recently, we have tested another eight reactors. Interestingly, these reactors produce non-condensable gas. We suspected that they include 22Ne and CO2. We used a mass spectrometer (MS) to analyze 14 gas samples collected from 8 reactors, including ten samples showing a coefficient of performance COPx > 1.05 (with excess heat) and four having COPx < 1.05 (without excess heat). Several methods were adopted to identify the gas content. For CO2 identification, two methods are employed. For 22Ne identification, three methods are employed. All the results confirm that isotope 22Ne and regular CO2 really exist in the output gas from reactors determined to have excess heat. We conjecture a possible mechanism to produce 22Ne and CO2 and find out that 12C and isotope 17O are the intermediate. They finally form isotope gases containing 17O, including H2O-17 (heavy-oxygen water), isotope O2 (16O–17O), and isotope CO2 (12C–16O–17O). In the excess heat producing reactors, all these gasses were detected by MS in the absence of 20Ne and 21Ne. The observed isotope gases produced from reactors having excess heat verifies that water can trigger a peculiar nuclear reaction and produce energy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possible energy production via water cavitation has been noted for a long time. It was occasionally reported formally or informally that cavitation of water may induce some form of reaction by way of implosion of water vapor bubbles which produces excess energy 1 – 10 .…”

Section: Review Of Peculiar Phenomena Observed In Heat Exchange Proce...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water can trigger nuclear reaction to produce energy and isotope gases

Huang,

Pan,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…Cavitation may induce implosion of water vapor bubbles using various techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . In the previous study, we found that the heat exchange process in multiple-pipe heat exchanger produces anomalous excess heat and possible nuclear transmutation 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Peculiar Phenomena Observed In Heat Exchange Process Of Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cavitation may induce unusual reactions through implosion of water vapor bubbles. Many of this research has been published formally or informally [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . We have conducted experiments using two reactor types made from multiple-pipe heat exchanger and found that the heat exchange process of water produces peculiar excess heat and abnormally high pressure leading to rupture of the reactor 11 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Water can trigger nuclear reaction to produce energy and isotope gases

Huang,

Pan,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This paper reports the discovery that water can trigger a peculiar nuclear-like reaction and produce energy. Cavitation may induce unusual reactions through implosion of water vapor bubbles. Many of this research has been published formally or informally1-10. We have conducted experiments using two reactor types made from multiple-pipe heat exchanger and found that the heat exchange process of water produces peculiar excess heat and abnormally high pressure leading to rupture of the reactor11. Recently, we have tested another eight reactors. Interestingly, these reactors produce non-condensable gas. We suspected that they include Ne22 and CO2 . We used a mass spectrometer (MS) to analyze 14 gas samples collected from 8 reactors, including ten reactors showing a coefficient of performance COPx >1.05 (with excess heat) and four having COPx < 1.05 (without excess heat). Several methods were adopted to identify the gas content. For CO2 identification, two methods are employed. For Ne22 identification, three methods are employed. All the results confirm that isotope Ne22 and regular CO2 really exist in the output gas from reactors determined to have excess heat. We conjecture a possible mechanism to produce Ne22 and CO2 and find out that C12 and isotope O17 are the intermediate. They finally form isotope gases containing O17, including H2O-17 (heavy-oxygen water), isotope O2 (O16-O17), and isotope CO2 (C12-O16-O17). In the excess heat producing reactors, all these gasses were detected by MS in the absence of Ne20 and Ne21. The observed isotope gases produced from reactors having excess heat verifies that water can trigger a peculiar nuclear-like reaction and produce energy.

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To Develop an Eco-Friendly Cold Nuclear Thermal Power Plant by Considering Iron-56 as a Fuel

Seshavatharam,

Lakshminarayana

2024

Springer Proceedings in Energy

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Preliminary survey on cold fusion: It’s not pathological science and may require revision of nuclear theory

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Water can trigger nuclear reaction to produce energy and isotope gases

Water can trigger nuclear reaction to produce energy and isotope gases

Water can trigger nuclear reaction to produce energy and isotope gases

To Develop an Eco-Friendly Cold Nuclear Thermal Power Plant by Considering Iron-56 as a Fuel

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