Preliminary Study on the Mineral Apposition Rate in distal femoral epiphysis of New Zealand White Rabbit at Skeletal Maturity

Cacchioli, Antonio; Ravanetti, Francesca; Soliani, L.; Borghetti, Paolo

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0264.2011.01119.x

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus, bone forms at an approximately constant rate r B = d(%B)/dt = mineral apposition rate, which has been reported as *4 mm$day -1 for the distal femur of rabbits. 36 However, b = 0.307 in the inner region of group BC (Fig. 7B), indicating that the rate of new bone formation decreased from 6 to 12 weeks.…”

Section: Histology and Histomorphometrymentioning

confidence: 89%

Balancing the Rates of New Bone Formation and Polymer Degradation Enhances Healing of Weight-Bearing Allograft/Polyurethane Composites in Rabbit Femoral Defects

Dumas

Prieto

Zienkiewicz

et al. 2014

Tissue Engineering Part A

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There is a compelling clinical need for bone grafts with initial bone-like mechanical properties that actively remodel for repair of weight-bearing bone defects, such as fractures of the tibial plateau and vertebrae. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating remodeling of weight-bearing bone grafts in preclinical models, and consequently there is limited understanding of the mechanisms by which these grafts remodel in vivo. In this study, we investigated the effects of the rates of new bone formation, matrix resorption, and polymer degradation on healing of settable weight-bearing polyurethane/allograft composites in a rabbit femoral condyle defect model. The grafts induced progressive healing in vivo, as evidenced by an increase in new bone formation, as well as a decrease in residual allograft and polymer from 6 to 12 weeks. However, the mismatch between the rates of autocatalytic polymer degradation and zero-order (independent of time) new bone formation resulted in incomplete healing in the interior of the composite. Augmentation of the grafts with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 not only increased the rate of new bone formation, but also altered the degradation mechanism of the polymer to approximate a zero-order process. The consequent matching of the rates of new bone formation and polymer degradation resulted in more extensive healing at later time points in all regions of the graft. These observations underscore the importance of balancing the rates of new bone formation and degradation to promote healing of settable weight-bearing bone grafts that maintain bone-like strength, while actively remodeling.

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Section: Histology and Histomorphometrymentioning

confidence: 89%

Balancing the Rates of New Bone Formation and Polymer Degradation Enhances Healing of Weight-Bearing Allograft/Polyurethane Composites in Rabbit Femoral Defects

Dumas

Prieto

Zienkiewicz

et al. 2014

Tissue Engineering Part A

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“…12 A previous study aimed at evaluating the MAR in a single cross-section plane within the femur reported differences among the ROIs during the experimental times considered. 27 Although different ROIs within each skeletal element were selected in this study, we did not focus on the changes in the MAR within these regions as the influences of muscle and tendon insertions were not analysed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of age, anatomical site and bone structure on osteogenesis in New Zealand White rabbit

Ravanetti¹,

Scarpa²,

Farina³

et al. 2015

J Biol Res

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Among animal models, rabbits are widely used in medical research, as they fill the gap between smaller models, commonly employed in basic science, and larger ones, which are better suited for preclinical trials. Given their rapid growth, rabbits provide a valuable system for the evaluation of bone implants for tissue regeneration. By means of a histomorphometric analysis, here we quantified the mineral apposition rates (MARs) in osteonic, periosteum and endosteum osteogenic fronts, of skeletal elements within femur, tibia, radius, ulna, frontal and parietal bones in New Zealand White rabbits aged 6, 7 and 8 months. Our hypothesis is that the MAR varies according to the skeletal maturity of the animal, and also within the skeletal elements and the osteogenic fronts considered. In the present study we show that the MAR in both femur and tibia is significantly higher than in ulna and radius. We also demonstrate that the MAR in parietal bones is significantly higher compared to the MAR of both frontal and forelimb bones. Contrary to what was expected, the MARs of all the skeletal elements considered were not decreased following full skeletal maturity. Finally, the MAR of the osteonic-osteogenic front is the lowest in all of the skeletal elements considered. In conclusion, these results provide new important insights for the evaluation of bone implants, casting a light on the role of both age and osteogenic fronts on the bone MAR, and providing valuable information on the physiological bone turnover in New Zealand White rabbits.

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“…4). This ROI comprises epiphyseal bone, which is a preferred region for trabecular analyses in skeletally mature New Zealand White rabbits based on more robust trabecular architecture compared with the trabecular-poor metaphyseal region [21]. The trabecular ROI for L4 begins at a point that is 1/8th of the vertebral body’s height superior to the caudal end-plate and extends proximally 2 mm (133 slices) (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abaloparatide increases bone mineral density and bone strength in ovariectomized rabbits with glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia

et al. 2019

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Summary Glucorticoid (GC) therapy is the commonest cause of secondary osteoporosis. Ovariectomized rabbits receiving the GC methylprednisolone for 6 weeks exhibited relatively lower vertebral and femoral bone mass. Treatment with the PTH receptor agonist abaloparatide for 12 weeks during ongoing methylprednisolone administration increased cortical and trabecular bone mass and femur bending strength. Introduction Abaloparatide, an osteoanabolic PTHrP analog, increases bone mineral density (BMD) and reduces fracture risk in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. This study assessed abaloparatide effects on BMD and bone strength in ovariectomized (OVX) rabbits with glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteopenia. Methods Thirty-two rabbits underwent OVX and 8 underwent sham surgery. One day later, 24 OVX rabbits began daily s.c. GC injections (methylprednisolone, 1 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks, while 8 OVX and 8 sham controls received no GC. GC-challenged rabbits (8/group) then received GC (0.5 mg/kg/day) along with daily s.c. vehicle (GC-OVX), abaloparatide 5 μg/kg/day (ABL5), or 25 μg/kg/day (ABL25) for 12 weeks, and the no-GC OVX and sham controls received daily vehicle. Results GC-OVX rabbits showed significant deficits in vertebral and proximal femur areal BMD, lower cortical area, thickness and volumetric BMD of the femur diaphysis, and reduced trabecular bone volume and volumetric BMD in the vertebra and distal femur versus sham controls. These deficits were significantly reversed in the ABL25 group, which also showed enhanced trabecular micro-architecture versus GC-OVX controls. Destructive bending tests showed significantly lower femur diaphysis ultimate load and bending rigidity of the femoral diaphysis in the GC-OVX group versus sham controls, whereas these parameters were similar in the ABL25 group vs sham controls. Conclusions Abaloparatide 25 μg/kg/day mitigated the adverse effects of GC administration on cortical and trabecular bone and improved femoral strength in OVX rabbits. These results suggest potential promise for abaloparatide as an investigational therapy for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

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Preliminary Study on the Mineral Apposition Rate in distal femoral epiphysis of New Zealand White Rabbit at Skeletal Maturity

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Balancing the Rates of New Bone Formation and Polymer Degradation Enhances Healing of Weight-Bearing Allograft/Polyurethane Composites in Rabbit Femoral Defects

Balancing the Rates of New Bone Formation and Polymer Degradation Enhances Healing of Weight-Bearing Allograft/Polyurethane Composites in Rabbit Femoral Defects

The effect of age, anatomical site and bone structure on osteogenesis in New Zealand White rabbit

Abaloparatide increases bone mineral density and bone strength in ovariectomized rabbits with glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia

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