Preliminary Study on Properties of Small Diameter Wild Acacia mangium Species as Potential Biomass Energy Sources

Abstract

Currently, the primary energy supply in Malaysia is dominant by non-renewable energy sources such oil, natural gas and coal which contributed to the scarcity of these sources and occurrence of global warming. This phenomenon raises the public concerns to diversify the energy sources to sustain energy availability. To address these predicaments, biomass sources is among the prominent alternative energy sources since it is renewable and possesses minimal harms to the environment. Thus, the woody plant with high growth rate and high energy content that can be used to serve as potential biomass energy sources. In this study, small diameter (5-8cm) of wild Acacia mangium species have been determined and compared accordingly three (3) different portions (bottom, middle and top) and two (2) different particle sizes (0.5 and 1.5mm). The analysis conducted to determine the properties of raw material of Acacia mangium as biomass energy sources were proximate, physical and energy content properties. The result obtained for the energy content analysis of small diameter wild Acacia mangium has a mean calorific value range from 16.35 to 18.35MJ/kg between portions and particle sizes. In order to determine the effect of portions and particle sizes on each of the proximate, physical and energy content properties, two-way ANOVA was performed. It shows that both the portions and particle sizes have significant effect on calorific value (energy content) of small diameter wild Acacia mangium at 99% of confidence level. In a nutshell, the biomass energy properties of small diameter wild Acacia mangium with different portions and particle sizes were being determined.

Influence of Torrefaction Parameters on Elemental Properties of Torrefied Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Biochar

“…Nowadays, fossil fuel sources are dwindling, coupled with various types of environmental pollution prompting scientists and researchers to look for other alternative sources that can cover the shortage of fossil fuels. There is now great growth in the quest to find a sustainable and clean energy generation system [1], [2], [3]. Energy demand is always increasing as an effect of global economic development and population growth.…”

“…Energy demand is always increasing as an effect of global economic development and population growth. Within the next two decades, the world's energy demand is expected to double [4], [5], [6].…”

Torrefaction on agricultural residues empty fruit bunch: Effect of torrefaction processing factors on thermal properties of torrefied empty fruit bunch biochar

“…Biomass is one of the renewable energy sources that should be paid attention for its potential to be as the alternative in energy production, which is widely applied in energy conversion nowadays (Ahmad et al, 2016;Rasat et al, 2016b). Lot of research show that the biomass material categorized as availability sources that abundantly from the residue of agricultural, forestry and few industry sources (Balogun et al, 2018).…”

Concerns on Analytical Results Involving Infrared to Microscopic Data Dealing with Ionic Liquids in Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

“…While, qualitative evaluations basically relate to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of the LCB. Some solvents deconstruct, break down and solubilize [3,4] semi-crystalline cellulose and hemicellulose during pretreatment. Physicochemical pretreatment with high temperature and pressure for certain duration of time, disrupt the fibrils structure in LCB due to rapid depressurization [5].…”

“…Leucaena Leucocephala (Petai Belalang) [4,9], Acacia Auriculiformis and Melastoma Malabathricum (Senduduk) are Malaysian highly prospective cellulosic biomass for energy-based industry (based on compositions). In this paper, some concerns of both analytical evaluations ranging from infrared and microscopic results are presented for the pretreatment of Leucaena Leucocephala (Petai Belalang), Acacia Auriculiformis and Melastoma Malabathricum (Senduduk) with ionic liquid of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate (EMIMAc) and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride (EMIMCl) in dual pretreatment steps: ST-EXP-IL (first step) and IL pretreatment (second step).…”