Preliminary Study on Machining of Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

Raval, Jay; Kazi, Aamer; Guo, Xiangyu; Zvanut, Ryan; Lee, Chabum; Tai, Bruce L.

doi:10.1007/s11837-021-05041-x

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The vibrations can affect the fatigue load on the cutting tool and deteriorate tool life. The high vibration magnitude exhibited by additively manufactured Ti parts can be mitigated by post-stress-relief heat treatment, as found by Raval et al [ 141 ]…”

Section: Machinability Of Additively Manufactured Ti-6al-4vmentioning

confidence: 96%

The State of the Art in Machining Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V

et al. 2023

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Titanium alloys are extensively used in various industries due to their excellent corrosion resistance and outstanding mechanical properties. However, titanium alloys are difficult to machine due to their low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity with tool materials. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the use of titanium components produced by additive manufacturing (AM) for a range of high-value applications in aerospace, biomedical, and automotive industries. The machining of additively manufactured titanium alloys presents additional machining challenges as the alloys exhibit unique properties compared to their wrought counterparts, including increased anisotropy, strength, and hardness. The associated higher cutting forces, higher temperatures, accelerated tool wear, and decreased machinability lead to an expensive and unsustainable machining process. The challenges in machining additively manufactured titanium alloys are not comprehensively documented in the literature, and this paper aims to address this limitation. A review is presented on the machining characteristics of titanium alloys produced by different AM techniques, focusing on the effects of anisotropy, porosity, and post-processing treatment of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V, the most commonly used AM titanium alloy. The mechanisms resulting in different machining performance and quality are analysed, including the influence of a hybrid manufacturing approach combining AM with conventional methods. Based on the review of the latest developments, a future outlook for machining additively manufactured titanium alloys is presented.

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Section: Machinability Of Additively Manufactured Ti-6al-4vmentioning

confidence: 96%

The State of the Art in Machining Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V

et al. 2023

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“…The W material has equiaxed grains, while the AM samples exhibit slender needlelike grains. [106] Also, known defects in AM parts, such as pores, flaws, oxygen contamination, and inclusions, could contribute to the observed vibrations. Figure 14c,d indicates that these vibrations do not follow a specific pattern, suggesting that the vibration source is the material rather than the machine tool.…”

Section: Figure 14amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the effect of post-processing presented in the literature on the mechanical properties of AM materials, it is critical to analyze the vibrational characteristics of materials after post-processing. [106] Multiple modeling efforts have focused on predicting processinduced temperatures and thermal gradients in forecasting location-dependent mechanical characteristics of components. Critical temperature ranges, basic thermal frequencies, and other essential mechanistic elements of the AM process may be revealed by the framework of multi-resolution analysis and importance analysis.…”

Section: Future Research Pathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One critical issue discussed by Raval et al is the vibration of AM materials during machining. [106] The study focused on the effect of cutting forces on titanium alloy, considering four samples: W, wrought-stress relieved (W-SR), AM, and AM-SR. In general, titanium alloy is machined under wet conditions to prevent high temperatures during cutting, as temperature plays a crucial role in wear and vibrations.…”

Section: Effect Of Am-fabricated Geometries On Vibrational Characteri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AM-SR vibrations are comparable to those observed in the W material in frequency. [106] For observing the AM sample related to different vibrations, some studies have suggested using particle damping or inherent damping. [18,[107][108][109][110][111][112] In their study, Ehlers et al proposed using particle dampers for AM samples, as illustrated in Figure 15a.…”

Section: Figure 14amentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Vibration Characteristics of Additively Manufactured Metal Alloys

Azher,

Shah,

Bakhtari

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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The advent of additive manufacturing (AM) has dramatically shifted the manufacturing sector conceptualization, design, and creation of products. AM is poised to revolutionize goods production by establishing a new manufacturing paradigm, from reducing lead times to enabling rapid prototyping. AM can facilitate the production of complicated geometries and create functioning components with distinctive features for aerospace and automotive applications. However, defects such as pores, voids, interfaces, and inclusions can impair the quality and functionality of AM components. Vibration Analysis (VA) has become a popular tool for the dynamic qualification and testing of products and non‐destructive testing, but the literature lacks a comprehensive review of VA applied to AM. Hence, this paper summarizes recent advances in the application of VA for identifying and characterizing flaws in metal alloys, including titanium, aluminum, and nickel‐based alloys produced by AM. The review also includes studies on defects, such as porosity, cracks, and inclusions, and their effect on VA. The article concludes with a discussion of the limitations of VA for defect characterization and future research directions. Overall, VA is a promising non‐destructive testing method for quality assurance in AM and offers insights on overcoming the difficulties for further development and application of this technology.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Effect of Cryogenic Heat Treatment and Heat Treatment on the Influence of Mechanical, Energy, and Wear Properties of 316L Stainless Steel by Selective Laser Melting

Wang

2022

JOM

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Preliminary Study on Machining of Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

The State of the Art in Machining Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V

The State of the Art in Machining Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V

A Review on Vibration Characteristics of Additively Manufactured Metal Alloys

Effect of Cryogenic Heat Treatment and Heat Treatment on the Influence of Mechanical, Energy, and Wear Properties of 316L Stainless Steel by Selective Laser Melting

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