Preliminary study on impacts of polystyrene microplastics on the hematological system and gene expression in bone marrow cells of mice

Sun, Rongli; Xu, Kai; Yu, Linling; Pu, Yunqiu; Xiong, Fei; He, Yuhong; Huang, Qingchen; Tang, Mingjie; Chen, Minjian; Ye, Lihong; Zhang, Juan; Pu, Yuepu

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112296

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, little is known regarding how microplastics affect vascular biology or humans/mammals. A recent study has revealed that MPs fundamentally impact the hematological system in mice and that these alterations in gene expressions were connected ( Sun et al, 2021 ). However, further research is needed to determine how MPs impact blood cells and other hematological variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemotoxic effects of polyethylene microplastics on mice

2023

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Micro- or nanoplastics, which are fragmented or otherwise tiny plastic materials, have long been a source of environmental worry. Microplastics (MPs) have been well documented to alter the physiology and behavior of marine invertebrates. The effects of some of these factors are also seen in larger marine vertebrates, such as fish. More recently, mouse models have been used to investigate the potential impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on host cellular and metabolic damages as well as mammalian gut flora. The impact on erythrocytes, which carry oxygen to all cells, has not yet been determined. Therefore, the current study aims to ascertain the impact of exposure to various MP exposure levels on hematological alterations and biochemical indicators of liver and kidney functions. In this study, a C57BL/6 murine model was concentration-dependently exposed to microplastics (6, 60, and 600 μg/day) for 15 days, followed by 15 days of recovery. The results demonstrated that exposure to 600 μg/day of MPs considerably impacted RBCs’ typical structure, resulting in numerous aberrant shapes. Furthermore, concentration-dependent reductions in hematological markers were observed. Additional biochemical testing revealed that MP exposure impacted the liver and renal functioning. Taken together, the current study reveals the severe impacts of MPs on mouse blood parameters, erythrocyte deformation, and consequently, anemic patterns of the blood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemotoxic effects of polyethylene microplastics on mice

2023

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“…PPARs are transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in energy and lipid metabolism; it is interesting that activation of PPAR δ improves mitochondrial function [ 19 ]. Presently, Sun et al reported that Jak/Stat pathway, nicotinamide metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acids are associated with mic-PS-mediated toxicity in the mouse hematological system; furthermore, they found that decreased Nnt is possibly correlated with reduced antioxidant power and mitochondrial damage after mic-PS exposure [ 20 ]. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolic changes are closely related to osteogenic capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Damages Induced by Polystyrene Microplastics in Osteoblastic Cells of Mice

et al. 2023

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Polystyrene microplastics (mic-PS) have become harmful pollutants that attracted substantial attention about their potential toxicity. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the third reported endogenous gas transmitter with protective functions on numerous physiologic responses. Nevertheless, the roles for mic-PS on skeletal systems in mammals and the protective effects of exogenous H2S are still indistinct. Here, the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cell was analyzed by CCK8. Gene changes between the control and mic-PS treatment groups were analyzed by RNA-seq. The mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4), alpha cardiac muscle 1 (Actc1), and myosin heavy polypeptide 6 (Myh6) was analyzed by QPCR. ROS level was analyzed by 2 ′ ,7 ′ -dichlorofluorescein (DCFH-DA). The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was analyzed by Rh123. Our results indicated after exposure for 24 h, 100 mg/L mic-PS induced considerable cytotoxicity in the osteoblastic cells of mice. There were 147 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 103 downregulated genes and 44 upregulated genes in the mic-PS-treated group versus the control. The related signaling pathways were oxidative stress, energy metabolism, bone formation, and osteoblast differentiation. The results indicate that exogenous H2S may relieve mic-PS toxicity by altering Bmp4, Actc1, and Myh6 mRNA expressions associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress. Taken together, this study demonstrated that the bone toxicity effects of mic-PS along with exogenous H2S have protective function in mic-PS-mediated oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in osteoblastic cells of mice.

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“…Hematopoiesis was influenced by microplastics, with a decreased number of leukocytes, increased Pit count, and inhibition of the growth of the colony-forming unit with over 40 differentially expressed genes. 78 Similarly, a decrease of leukocyte and lymphocyte was found in the blood. 79 Polystyrene microplastics were used in these two studies, but the administration routes were different (i.e., ingestion vs inhalation).…”

Section: Energy Homeostasis and Intestinal Disturbancementioning

confidence: 84%

“…The immune system was another target of microplastics via both the ingestion and inhalation routes. Hematopoiesis was influenced by microplastics, with a decreased number of leukocytes, increased Pit count, and inhibition of the growth of the colony-forming unit with over 40 differentially expressed genes . Similarly, a decrease of leukocyte and lymphocyte was found in the blood .…”

Section: Potential Toxicity Of Microplastics On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Exposure to Microplastics and Its Associated Health Risks

Sun

Wang

2023

Environ. Health

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Microplastics are a globally emerging contaminant in the environment, but little is known about the potential risks of microplastics to human health. Possible exposure routes of microplastics to humans include ingestion, inhalation, and dermal penetration, with the last of these needing equal attention as the other two main routes. Evidence showed the presence of microplastics in human-derived biological samples (i.e., excrement, biofluids, and tissues). Most of the toxicological studies of microplastics on humans were based on laboratory rodents and human-derived cells. Energy homeostasis, intestinal microflora, and the reproductive, immune, and nervous systems were regarded as targets of microplastics. The toxicity of microplastics on microstructures including lysosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and the nucleus further revealed the potential risks of microplastics on human health at the cellular levels. As a carrier, microplastics also had the potential to magnify the toxicity of other contaminants in the environment (e.g., plasticizer, metals, antibiotics, and microorganisms). Studies of microplastics at environmentally realistic conditions are still in their infancy with many unsolved questions to predict their risks on human health.

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Preliminary study on impacts of polystyrene microplastics on the hematological system and gene expression in bone marrow cells of mice

Cited by 42 publications

References 40 publications

Hemotoxic effects of polyethylene microplastics on mice

Hemotoxic effects of polyethylene microplastics on mice

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Damages Induced by Polystyrene Microplastics in Osteoblastic Cells of Mice

Human Exposure to Microplastics and Its Associated Health Risks

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