Preliminary study of guard hair morphology in four dog breeds

Tumiłowicz, Paweł; Goliszewska, Agata; Arct, Jacek; Pytkowska, Katarzyna; Szczepanik, M.

doi:10.1111/vde.12656

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Primitive horses and their crossbreeds have a "thicker" and longer coat than warm-blooded breeds kept under the same conditions (Langlois 1994). Hair in different breeds may even differ in structure within the same species, which has been demonstrated in dogs (Tumiłowicz 2018). The results are most reliable if they were obtained on a homogeneous group of animals kept in a similar environment and lifestyle (Firoza et al 2012, Duteil et al 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of videodermoscopic examination in assessing the skin and its products in pure Arabian horses in the summer and winter seasons

Pomorska-Zniszczyńska

Szczepanik

Kalisz

et al. 2022

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Videodermoscopic examinations have only recently started to be used in veterinary medicine and usually involve a small group of animals.The aim of this study was to compare specific dermoscopic parameters in selected areas of the body of Arabian horses in the summer and winter seasons. The research was conducted between 2018-2019. The procedure was performed on the left side of the horse's body in seven areas: head, neck, chest, flank, rump, mane, and tail. 42 purebred Arabian horses aged 1-25 (median), 39 mares and 3 stallions were qualified for the study. An Italian Video-Dermascope 7 (Medici Medical SRL with the 3 VIDIX 5Mpx camera and the VX1 overlay -Contact type cap Ø 3.5 cm) was used in the dermatoscopic evaluation. Specialist Cellsens Olympus software for analysing microscopic images was used to perform the measurements. Regardless of the area assessed, the skin in the summer months is darker than in the winter months. Hair thickness ranged from 44.82 (chest in summer) to 87.45 um (mane in winter). Regarding hair density, the number of hairs in the field of view of the dermatoscope ranged from 990 (summer mane) to 3680 (head in winter). Our research showed that the season of the year influences the amount of hair without significantly affecting its thickness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of videodermoscopic examination in assessing the skin and its products in pure Arabian horses in the summer and winter seasons

Pomorska-Zniszczyńska

Szczepanik

Kalisz

et al. 2022

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…The HS is constituted of 3 layers: an outer cuticle, the cortex, and the innermost medulla, which is not present in all HSs. 51,94,101,107,111 The trichocytes of the HS in the suprabulbar region are still nucleated, and trichohyalin granules are present in the cytoplasm of the medullary cells.…”

Section: Follicular Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic principles of hair follicle structure, morphogenesis, and regeneration

Welle

2023

Vet Pathol

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Diseases affecting the hair follicle are common in domestic animals, but despite the importance of an intact skin barrier and a fully functional hair coat, knowledge about the detailed morphological features and the diversity of these complex mini-organs are often limited, although mandatory to evaluate skin biopsies with a history of alopecia. The factors that regulate the innate hair follicle formation and the postnatal hair cycle are still not completely understood in rodents, only rudimentarily known in humans, and are poorly understood in our companion animals. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about hair follicle and hair shaft anatomy, the arrangement of hair follicles, hair follicle morphogenesis in the embryo, and the lifelong regeneration during the postnatal hair cycle in domestic animals. The role of follicular stem cells and the need for a multitude of interacting signaling events during hair follicle morphogenesis and regeneration is unquestioned. Because of the lack of state of the art methods that can be applied in rodents but are not feasible in companion animals, most of the information in this review is based on rodent studies. However, the few data from domestic animals that are available will be discussed, and it can be assumed that at least the principal molecular mechanisms are similar in rodents and other species.

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“…The cuticle cells undergo flattening as they emerge from their progenitors in the bulb. The distance of the cuticle cells from each other and the morphology varies between dog breeds and accounts for the smoothness of the hair and the tendency to felt [4, 15]. The cuticle is affected by environmental conditions such as harsh weather conditions and brushing [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cells are horizontally oriented and randomly staggered. The medulla can be very prominent in some species with coarse hair or can be absent in fine animal and human scalp hairs [12, 15, 17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bald thigh syndrome in sighthounds—Revisiting the cause of a well-known disease

et al. 2019

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Bald thigh syndrome is a common hair loss disorder in sighthounds. Numerous possible causes, including environmental conditions, trauma, stress, endocrinopathies and genetic components have been proposed, but only endocrinopathies have been ruled out scientifically. The overall goal of our study was to identify the cause of bald thigh syndrome and the pathological changes associated with it. We approached this aim by comparing skin biopsies and hair shafts of affected and control dogs microscopically as well as by applying high-throughput technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. While the histology is rather unspecific in most cases, trichogram analysis and scanning electron microscopy revealed severe structural abnormalities in hair shafts of affected dogs. This finding is supported by the results of the transcriptomic and proteomic profiling where genes and proteins important for differentiation of the inner root sheath and the assembly of a proper hair shaft were downregulated. Transcriptome profiling revealed a downregulation of genes encoding 23 hair shaft keratins and 51 keratin associated proteins, as well as desmosomal cadherins and several actors of the BMP signaling pathway which is important for hair shaft differentiation. The lower expression of keratin 71 and desmocollin 2 on the mRNA level in skin biopsies corresponded with a decreased protein expression in the hair shafts of affected dogs. The genetic analysis revealed a missense variant in the IGFBP5 gene homozygous in all available Greyhounds and other sighthounds. Further research is required to clarify whether the IGFBP5 variant represents a predisposing genetic risk factor. We conclude from our results that structural defects in the hair shafts are the cause for this well-known disease and these defects are associated with a downregulation of genes and proteins essential for hair shaft formation. Our data add important knowledge to further understand the molecular mechanisms of HF morphogenesis and alopecia in dogs.

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Preliminary study of guard hair morphology in four dog breeds

Abstract: These study findings may be useful for the study of classifying dog breeds and for forensic identification of a dog breed through hair sampling.

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

The application of videodermoscopic examination in assessing the skin and its products in pure Arabian horses in the summer and winter seasons

The application of videodermoscopic examination in assessing the skin and its products in pure Arabian horses in the summer and winter seasons

Basic principles of hair follicle structure, morphogenesis, and regeneration

Bald thigh syndrome in sighthounds—Revisiting the cause of a well-known disease

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