Preliminary Studies of the Metabolism of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Using Radioactive Carbon-Marked Molecules

Boyd, Emily; Rothlin, E; Bonner, James; Slater, Irwin H.; Hodge, Harold C.

doi:10.1097/00005053-195511000-00009

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…wool. This is in agreement with the results of Boyd, Rothlin, et al, (1955), who found LSD to be a potent antagonist of Serotonin when tested on the isolated uterus of castrated or estrogen pre-treated rats. Serotonin is also an inhibitor of both types of cholinesterase (Langemann, 1954).…”

Section: Codasupporting

confidence: 92%

Molecular structure and functional activity of nerve cells: a symposium organized by the American Institute of Biological Sciences and sponsored by the Office of Naval Research; held in Washington, D.C., June 3-4, 1955

Grenell¹,

Mullins²

1956

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In the past several years considerable progress has been made mThe-rfa*rTfication of the problems of neural activity and of a host of ancillary physical and chemical events in living cells. Investigators in many fields from biology through chemistry, physics, mathematics, philosophy and psychology, have contributed new observations and concepts. They have drawn upon one another's knowledge and experience in attempts to refine existing experimental techniques and arrive at more accurate estimates of the properties and interrelationships of particular structures, mechanisms and processes at levels from the grossest complexity of the organism in toto to the most microscopic and sub-microscopic complexities of molecular structure and orientation. Consequently, it was felt that there was need for some discussion of stimulusresponse problems not only insofar as existing data are concerned, but more particularly in relation to whether or not present experimentation and concept are leading to better understanding of the crucial problems underlying neuronal behavior. The existence of certain transient phenomena in nerve cells forms the basis for their physiology and confronts the investigator with certain sorts of problems which, although they are not unique to this field, are representative of the difficulties involved in relating biological function to molecular interaction.

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Section: Codasupporting

confidence: 92%

Molecular structure and functional activity of nerve cells: a symposium organized by the American Institute of Biological Sciences and sponsored by the Office of Naval Research; held in Washington, D.C., June 3-4, 1955

Grenell¹,

Mullins²

1956

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“…[ 14 C]‐LSD is then transported in the chyme through the digestive tract and reaches a maximum in the colon after approximately 3 h (see Figure 3) [91]. The digestive tract contains 70–80% of the radioactivity 3–12 h after ingestion [92].…”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The largest quantity of [ 14 C]‐LSD was found in the liver, where it slowly disappeared during the first 12 h, which points to a significant enterohepatic circle [92,93].…”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pharmacology of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: A Review

Passie

Halpern

Stichtenoth

et al. 2008

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics

377

319

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Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was synthesized in 1938 and its psychoactive effects discovered in 1943. It was used during the 1950s and 1960s as an experimental drug in psychiatric research for producing so-called "experimental psychosis" by altering neurotransmitter system and in psychotherapeutic procedures ("psycholytic" and "psychedelic" therapy). From the mid 1960s, it became an illegal drug of abuse with widespread use that continues today. With the entry of new methods of research and better study oversight, scientific interest in LSD has resumed for brain research and experimental treatments. Due to the lack of any comprehensive review since the 1950s and the widely dispersed experimental literature, the present review focuses on all aspects of the pharmacology and psychopharmacology of LSD. A thorough search of the experimental literature regarding the pharmacology of LSD was performed and the extracted results are given in this review. (Psycho-) pharmacological research on LSD was extensive and produced nearly 10,000 scientific papers. The pharmacology of LSD is complex and its mechanisms of action are still not completely understood. LSD is physiologically well tolerated and psychological reactions can be controlled in a medically supervised setting, but complications may easily result from uncontrolled use by layman. Actually there is new interest in LSD as an experimental tool for elucidating neural mechanisms of (states of) consciousness and there are recently discovered treatment options with LSD in cluster headache and with the terminally ill.

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“…The pharmacology of LSD, so completely elaborated at the Sandoz Laboratories and other scientific institutions, does not offer any clue except, perhaps, the experiments with radioactive LSD which allowed the determination of the distribution of LSD in animals. On the basis of these experiments the fact was established that following the injection of radioactive LSD into mice or rats, the greatest accumulation occurs in the gut, the liver and the kidney; only minimal amounts were found in the brain (4,24). Axelrod (1), on the basis of the amount of LSD found in the brain of a cat after the administration of one milligram per kilogram body weight, calculated the concentration of LSD in the human brain (given one microgram per kilogram) at 0.0005 microgram per gram of brain tissue.…”

Section: The Autonomic Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The LSD-Psychosis: II. The Psychological Aspects of the LSD Psychosis.

Rinkel¹

1958

Chemical Concepts of Psychosis: Proceedings of the Symposium on Chemical Concepts of Psychosis Held at the Second International

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Preliminary Studies of the Metabolism of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Using Radioactive Carbon-Marked Molecules

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular structure and functional activity of nerve cells: a symposium organized by the American Institute of Biological Sciences and sponsored by the Office of Naval Research; held in Washington, D.C., June 3-4, 1955

Molecular structure and functional activity of nerve cells: a symposium organized by the American Institute of Biological Sciences and sponsored by the Office of Naval Research; held in Washington, D.C., June 3-4, 1955

The Pharmacology of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: A Review

The LSD-Psychosis: II. The Psychological Aspects of the LSD Psychosis.

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