Preliminary safety evaluation of the putative cancer chemopreventive agent tricin, a naturally occurring flavone

Verschoyle, Richard D.; Greaves, Peter; Cai, Hong; Borkhardt, Arndt; Broggini, Massimo; D'Incalci, M.; Riccio, Ed; Doppalapudi, Rupa S.; Kapetanović, Izet M.; Steward, William P.; Gescher, Andreas J.

doi:10.1007/s00280-005-0039-y

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The findings presented here need to be interpreded side-by side with some other results, which may allow a tentative comparison of their pharmacological profile. Both apigenin and tricin lack mutagenic properties, as reflected by a variety of tests [17,18]. Their ability to inhibit cancer cell growth has been …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue distribution in mice and metabolism in murine and human liver of apigenin and tricin, flavones with putative cancer chemopreventive properties

Cai

Boocock

Steward

et al. 2006

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol

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Purpose: The flavones apigenin and tricin, which occur in leafy vegetables and rice bran, respectively, possess cancer chemopreventive properties in preclinical rodent models. Their pharmacology is only poorly understood. We compared their tissue levels in mice in vivo and their metabolism in liver fractions in vitro. Methods: Mice received apigenin or tricin (0.2%) with their diet for 5-7 days, and flavone levels were compared in the plasma, liver and gastrointestinal mucosa using HPLC-UV. Flavone metabolism was investigated in murine and human liver microsomes or cytosol in vitro co-incubated with uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid or 3'-phosphoadenosine-5' phosphosulfate. Flavone metabolites were characterized by on-line HPLCmass spectrometry. Results: After dietary administration of flavones for 7 days, levels of tricin in plasma, liver and mucosa exceeded those of apigenin by 350, 33 and 100 %, respectively.Apigenin was more rapidly glucuronidated than tricin in liver microsomes, whilst tricin underwent swifter sulfonation than apigenin in liver cytosol. For either flavone the rate of glucuronidation was much faster than that of sulfonation. Flavone monoglucuronides and monosulfates were identified as metabolites in microsomal and cytosolic incubations, respectively. Conclusions:When consumed with the diet in mice tricin seems to be more available than apigenin in blood and tissues. Differences in their glucuronidation may account for their differential availability. Thus tricin may have a pharmacokinetic advantage over apigenin. This type of information may help decide which flavonoids to select for clinical development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue distribution in mice and metabolism in murine and human liver of apigenin and tricin, flavones with putative cancer chemopreventive properties

Cai

Boocock

Steward

et al. 2006

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol

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“…In addition, Tricin was recently shown to interfere with murine gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and is considered safe for clinical development as a cancer chemopreventive agent [47]. An acylated Tricin glycoside from sugarcane (Saccharumofficinarum L., Gramineae) juice exhibits in vitro antiproliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines with a higher selectivity toward cells of breast-resistant NIC/ADR line [48]. Flavonoids have been shown to modify eicosanoid biosynthesis (antiprostanoid and anti-inflammatory responses), protect low density lipoprotein (LDL) from oxidation (prevention of atherosclerotic plaque formation), and promote relaxation of cardiovascular smooth muscle (antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic effects).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids and phenolic acids from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) based foods and their functional implications

Nambiar

Sareen

Daniel³

et al. 2012

FFHD

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Background: Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), considered a poor man's cereal, may be a repository of dietary antioxidants, especially flavonoids and phenolic acids, which provide bioactive mechanisms to reduce free radical induced oxidative stress and probably play a role in the prevention of ageing and various diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…For example, some flavonoids have antioxidant activity via scavenging free radicals in organism [2]. Furthermore, flavonoids possess various pharmacological activities of inhibiting the activity of enzymes, antitumor, antibiosis, antivirus, anti-inflammatory and so on [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The potential treatment and prevention effects have been shown in degenerative diseases such as tumors, aging and cardiovascular diseases [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Structure Identification of Flavonoids

Feng¹,

Hao²,

Li³

2017

Flavonoids - From Biosynthesis to Human Health

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Flavonoids, which possess a basic C15 phenyl-benzopyrone skeleton, refer to a series of compounds in which two benzene rings (ring A and B) are connected to each other through three carbon atoms. Based on their core structure, flavonoids can be grouped into different flavonoid classes, such as flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavanonols, anthocyanidins, isoflavones and chalcones. Flavonoids are often hydroxylated in positions 3, 5, 7, 3 0 ,4 0 and/or 5 0 . Frequently, one or more of these hydroxyl groups are methylated, acetylated, prenylated or sulfated. In plants, flavonoids are often present as O-or C-glycosides. The O-glycosides have sugar substituents bound to a hydroxyl group of the aglycone, usually located at position 3 or 7, whereas the C-glycosides have sugar groups bound to a carbon of the aglycone, usually 6-C or 8-C. The most common carbohydrates are rhamnose, glucose, galactose and arabinose. This chapter mainly introduces the methods of isolation and structure identification of flavonoids.

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Preliminary safety evaluation of the putative cancer chemopreventive agent tricin, a naturally occurring flavone

Abstract: The results tentatively suggest that tricin may be considered safe enough for clinical development as a cancer chemopreventive agent.

Cited by 57 publications

References 11 publications

Tissue distribution in mice and metabolism in murine and human liver of apigenin and tricin, flavones with putative cancer chemopreventive properties

Tissue distribution in mice and metabolism in murine and human liver of apigenin and tricin, flavones with putative cancer chemopreventive properties

Flavonoids and phenolic acids from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) based foods and their functional implications

Isolation and Structure Identification of Flavonoids

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