Preliminary Results on the Production Value of New Scab-Resistant Apple Cultivars Bred at the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture (Ripf), Skierniewice, Poland

Žurawicz, E.; Lewandowski, M.; Broniarek-Niemiec, A.; Rutkowski, K.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2004.663.159

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Difficulty in interpreting the results of Rvi genes’ analysis in ‘Free Redstar’ is due to the unknown origin of this cultivar. It was selected from progeny derived from seeds obtained from the USA [ 54 ]. The results of molecular analyses indicate that ‘Free Redstar’ bears at least six pyramided Rvi genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple Autotetraploids with Enhanced Resistance to Apple Scab (Venturia inaequalis) Due to Genome Duplication-Phenotypic and Genetic Evaluation

Podwyszyńska

Markiewicz

Broniarek-Niemiec

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Among the fungal diseases of apple trees, serious yield losses are due to an apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis. Protection against this disease is based mainly on chemical treatments, which are currently very limited. Therefore, it is extremely important to introduce cultivars with reduced susceptibility to this pathogen. One of the important sources of variability for breeding is the process of polyploidization. Newly obtained polyploids may acquire new features, including increased resistance to diseases. In our earlier studies, numerous tetraploids have been obtained for several apple cultivars with ‘Free Redstar’ tetraploids manifesting enhanced resistance to apple scab. In the present study, tetraploids of ‘Free Redstar’ were assessed in terms of phenotype and genotype with particular emphasis on the genetic background of their increased resistance to apple scab. Compared to diploid plants, tetraploids (own-rooted plants) were characterized with poor growth, especially during first growing season. They had considerably shorter shoots, fewer branches, smaller stem diameter, and reshaped leaves. In contrast to own-rooted plants, in M9-grafted three-year old trees, no significant differences between diplo- and tetraploids were observed, either in morphological or physiological parameters, with the exceptions of the increased leaf thickness and chlorophyll content recorded in tetraploids. Significant differences between sibling tetraploid clones were recorded, particularly in leaf shape and some physiological parameters. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis confirmed genetic polymorphism of tetraploid clones. Methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) analysis showed that the level of DNA methylation was twice as high in young tetraploid plants as in a diploid donor tree, which may explain the weaker vigour of neotetraploids in the early period of their growth in the juvenile phase. Molecular analysis showed that ‘Free Redstar’ cultivar and their tetraploids bear six Rvi genes (Rvi5, Rvi6, Rvi8, Rvi11, Rvi14 and Rvi17). Transcriptome analysis confirmed enhanced resistance to apple scab of ‘Free Redstar’ tetraploids since the expression levels of genes related to resistance were strongly enhanced in tetraploids compared to their diploid counterparts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple Autotetraploids with Enhanced Resistance to Apple Scab (Venturia inaequalis) Due to Genome Duplication-Phenotypic and Genetic Evaluation

Podwyszyńska

Markiewicz

Broniarek-Niemiec

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Odmiana ta użyta jako forma rodzicielska jest więc donorem genów warunkujących podatność na mączniaka jabłoni u potomstwa jabłoni. Nasze wyniki znajdują potwierdzenie w literaturze, która wskazuje, że genotyp 'Free Redstar' jest odmianą odporną na parcha jabłoni (V f ), zaś genotypy 'Alwa' i 'Oliwka Żółta' są odmianami średnio podatnymi na tego patogena (Rejman, 1994;Żurawicz, 2003;Lewandowski i Żurawicz, 2007;Żurawicz i in., 2013). W badaniach prowadzonych w latach 2004-2006 w warunkach polowych przez Lewandowskiego i Żurawicza (2007), na odmianie 'Free Redstar' nie obserwowano żadnych objawów mączniaka jabłoni na liściach i owocach.…”

Section: Wyniki I Dyskusjaunclassified

Wartość hodowlana wybranych odmian jabłoni (Malus domestica) pod względem odporności na parcha i mączniaka jabłoni

Lewandowski

Keller-Przybyłkowicz

2020

Biul. IHAR

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Celem badań była ocena przydatności kilku odmian jabłoni do hodowli nowych genotypów odpornych/mało podatnych na parcha i mączniaka jabłoni w oparciu o ich ogólną (GCA) i specyficzną zdolność kombinacyjną (SCA). Stopień porażenia siewek jabłoni, stanowiących potomstwo 11 genotypów jabłoni, krzyżowanych w układzie czynnikowym: ♀4 × ♂7 – 4 odmiany mateczne (‘Alwa’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Free Redstar’, ‘Gold Milenium’) i 7 odmian ojcowskich (‘Glogierówka’, ‘Kronselka’, ‘Kosztela’, ‘McIntosh’, ‘Oliwka Żółta’, ‘Malinowa Oberlandzka’, ‘Koksa Pomarańczowa’) przez oba patogeny oceniono w lipcu 2019 r. Istotnie ujemną wartość efektu GCA dla stopnia porażenia siewek przez parcha jabłoni oszacowano dla odmiany ‘Free Redstar’. Wskazuje to, że odmiana ta jest donorem genów warunkujących ‘odporność’ lub małą podatność na parcha jabłoni u potomstwa. Istotnie ujemną wartość efektu GCA dla stopnia porażenia siewek przez mączniaka jabłoni oszacowano dla odmiany ‘Free Redstar’. Oznacza to, że genotyp ten jest donorem genów warunkujących ‘odporność’ lub małą podatność na mączniaka jabłoni u siewek. Negatywne efekty SCA dla stopnia porażenia siewek przez parcha jabłoni uzyskano dla 3 rodzin mieszańców: ‘Free Redstar’ × ‘McIntosh’, ‘Alwa’ × ‘Malinowa Oberlandzka’ i ‘Alwa’ × ‘McIntosh’. Oznacza to, że w przypadku tych rodzin genetyczne współdziałanie obu genotypów rodzicielskich warunkuje ‘odporność’ lub małą podatność roślin na parcha jabłoni.

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Nine year results of growth and yielding estimation of six scab-resistant apple cultivars grafted on three dwarfing rootstocks in integrated fruit production

Czynczyk

2012

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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During the nine years (2002-2010) 6 apple cultivars, scab-resistant or partially resistant to apple scab: ‘Bohemia’, ‘Topaz’, ‘Rubinola’, ‘Goldstar’, ‘Pinova’ and ‘Redkroft’ grafted on 3 dwarfing rootstock: M.9, P 22 and P 60, were tested at the Experimental Orchard in Dąbrowice with integrated fruit production. The susceptibility to apple canker (Nectria sp.), apple scab and powdery mildew, as well as growth, yielding, fruit quality and damage by pests were observed. After 9 years, the highest number of infected trees, on trunks and branches, were observed on the cultivars: ‘Topaz’, ‘Bohemia’, and ‘Redkroft’. All the cultivars grafted on P 60 rootstocks formed the largest trees, whereas on P 22 the smallest. The highest yields were obtained from all the cultivars grown on P 60 and the smallest on P 22. The cropping efficiency index was the highest for: ‘Bohemia’, ‘Rubinola’, ‘Goldstar’ and ‘Pinova’ on P 22. ‘Topaz’ had the highest cropping efficiency on P 60 and ‘Redkroft’ on M.9 and P 60. In the last three years (2008-2010), the effect of rootstock on fruit quality was minimal and not significant. Apple scab and powdery mildew, and some important pests, were not observed after applying on integrated system of spraying. The apple cultivars: ‘Bohemia’, ‘Rubinola’, ‘Topaz ‘and ‘Redkroft’ are the most promising for processing and amateur orchards with the integrated system of management. The cultivars: ‘Pinova’ and ‘Goldstar’ should not be recommended for growing on light soil in the integrated system of production. The fruits of ‘Goldstar’ are susceptible to bitter pit.

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Preliminary Results on the Production Value of New Scab-Resistant Apple Cultivars Bred at the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture (Ripf), Skierniewice, Poland

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Apple Autotetraploids with Enhanced Resistance to Apple Scab (Venturia inaequalis) Due to Genome Duplication-Phenotypic and Genetic Evaluation

Apple Autotetraploids with Enhanced Resistance to Apple Scab (Venturia inaequalis) Due to Genome Duplication-Phenotypic and Genetic Evaluation

Wartość hodowlana wybranych odmian jabłoni (Malus domestica) pod względem odporności na parcha i mączniaka jabłoni

Nine year results of growth and yielding estimation of six scab-resistant apple cultivars grafted on three dwarfing rootstocks in integrated fruit production

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