Preliminary results of soil respiration in beech, spruce and grassy stands

Priwitzer, Tibor; Capuliak, Jozef; Bošeľa, Michal; Schwarz, Matej

doi:10.2478/v10114-011-0026-7

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, while the soil variables measured here could potentially be used as indicators of woodland ecosystem condition, further research is required to verify the extent to which they are generally applicable. Previous research has demonstrated that soil respiration in temperate forest stands can be very variable (Priwitzer et al, 2013) and rates are influenced by a wide range of factors including soil moisture and temperature, as well as the species present (Smith and Johnson, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the relative sensitivity of 102 ecological variables as indicators of woodland condition in the New Forest, UK

Evans

Newton

Cantarello

et al. 2019

Ecological Indicators

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Forests globally are facing an increasing number of threats from modified disturbance regimes, novel stressors and changing environmental conditions. This has ultimately resulted in declines in the ecological condition of many forest and woodland ecosystems, leading to widespread tree mortality and stand dieback. Effective indicators of overall woodland ecological condition are therefore needed for environmental monitoring and to support management responses. To test the effectiveness of different variables that could potentially be used as indicators of woodland condition, 102 variables that describe woodland structure, composition, functioning, edaphic conditions and disturbance regimes were assessed along 12 replicate gradients of beech stand dieback. Results indicated that 35 variables differed significantly between at least two stages of the dieback gradient, indicating their sensitivity to stand dieback. Seven of these indicators related to woodland species composition, two to functional processes, 20 to structural features, four to edaphic conditions, and two to disturbance regimes. These results demonstrate that effective indicators can potentially be identified for each of the ecological categories. Effective composition indicators included species richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi, ground flora and epiphytic lichens; functional indicators were soil respiration rate and net nitrification rate; edaphic conditions included soil Na:Ca ratio, sodium cation exchange capacity, total carbon, Ca:Al ratio, structural indicators included canopy openness, litter cover, sward height, and volume of deadwood, and for disturbance was Equus dung density. Other measures, such as shrub cover and species richness of carabid beetles and spiders, were not found to vary 2 significantly along the dieback gradients, and were therefore not identified as effective indicators. These results demonstrate the value of gradient analysis for evaluating indicators of woodland condition, but also highlight the need for multi-site studies to identify indicators with wide applicability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the relative sensitivity of 102 ecological variables as indicators of woodland condition in the New Forest, UK

Evans

Newton

Cantarello

et al. 2019

Ecological Indicators

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“…Emissões em clima temperado são maiores no verão do que no inverno, independentemente do tipo de cobertura vegetal. [15][16][17] A quantificação das emissões de CO 2 também é tema relevante, e a busca por equipamentos de baixo custo e de fácil manuseio em campo tem sido constante. Dentre os métodos empregados, o da câ-mara dinâmica determina o fluxo de CO 2 emitido baseado na variação de concentração dos gases emitidos pelo solo no interior da câmara, 18 com determinação direta das concentrações por analisadores de gás infravermelho, também conhecido como IRGAS, do inglês, Infra Red Gas Analiser.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Quantificação das emissões de CO2 pelo solo em áreas sob diferentes estádios de restauração no domínio da mata atlântica

Castellano¹,

Moreno²,

Menegário³

et al. 2017

Quim. Nova

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QUANTIFICATION OF SOIL CO 2 EMISSIONS IN TWO FORESTED AREAS UNDER DIFERENT REGENERATION STAGES IN ATLANTIC FOREST.In order to quantify emission rates of CO 2 through the soil from the Atlantic forest under different regeneration stages, two areas located in Rio Claro(SP) were studied. In the first area the forest is regenerated (Plot 23) and the average CO 2 emission is 1.91 mmol m -2 s -1 , while in the recently planted area (Plot 15), the average emission is 1.38 mmol m -2 s -1 . The CO 2 emissions are fairly correlated to soil moisture (r=0.53, P=<0.0001), C/N ratio (r=0.27, p<0.05) and time of measurement (r=0.33, p<0.05). Multiple linear regression models developed are better to reproduce CO 2 soil emissions in recently planted area.Keywords: soil CO 2 emissions, multiple linear regression; infrared gas analyzer; Atlantic forest. INTRODUÇÃOO constante aumento das emissões de gases responsáveis pelo efeito estufa talvez seja uma das principais preocupações ambientais em tempos atuais. Dentre esses gases destaca-se o dióxido de carbono (CO 2 ), responsável por cerca de 60% da intensificação do efeito de estufa, uma vez que desde o início da revolução industrial as concentrações desse gás na atmosfera passaram de 280 ppm para cerca de 390 ppm. [1][2][3] Nos países em desenvolvimento, mudanças no uso e na cobertura da terra, especialmente em ambientes savânicos e florestais, são apontadas como uma das principais causas do aumento das concentrações de CO 2 atmosférico, uma vez que a substituição desses biomas nativos por atividades agrícolas leva ao aumento das emissões de CO 2 pelo solo. 4 As emissões de CO 2 pelo solo correspondem ao CO 2 produzido pela respiração das raízes e dos microrganismos presentes no solo, responsáveis pela decomposição aeróbica de matéria orgânica (MO), sendo influenciadas pelo tipo de vegetação presente, e pelas características do solo. Dentre as principais características do solo que influenciam as emissões destacam-se: umidade, temperatura, textura e estrutura do solo (características físicas); conteúdo de fósforo, relação C/N, pH (características químicas); atividade microbiana (características biológicas), bem como parâmetros climáticos como temperatura, umidade do ar e radiação fotossinteticamente ativa. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Na busca do entendimento dos processos que influenciam o balanço global de carbono e, consequentemente, o aquecimento global, diversos estudos e levantamentos foram efetuados nas últimas décadas buscando caracterizar os efluxos de CO 2 pelo solo nos mais diversos biomas do globo terrestre. Emissões em clima temperado são maiores no verão do que no inverno, independentemente do tipo de cobertura vegetal. [15][16][17] A quantificação das emissões de CO 2 também é tema relevante, e a busca por equipamentos de baixo custo e de fácil manuseio em campo tem sido constante. Dentre os métodos empregados, o da câ-mara dinâmica determina o fluxo de CO 2 emitido baseado na variação de concentração dos gases emitidos pelo solo no interior da câmara, 18 com...

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“…Dry periods (low soil moisture) may occur in this altitude, usually after the 220 th day, i.e. after the period of terminal growth (see also Priwitzer et al 2013). However, a certain influence of height growth rate by precipitation could be assumed due to the coincidence of peaks in both characteristics in spruce stands during 2009 (on the ca.…”

Section: Seasonal Dynamics Of Height Incrementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter- and intra-annual dynamics of height increment in young beech and spruce stands in relation to tree size and weather conditions

Konôpka¹,

Pajtík²,

Bošeľa³

et al. 2014

Forestry Journal

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We investigated the seasonal dynamics of height increment, as well as total annual height increment, in 2009-2013 on young stands of beech and spruce grown at the same site. The results showed that the inter-annual dynamics of basic stand characteristics, especially tree density, were more obvious in spruce than in beech stands. Much higher tree mortality in spruce was explained by a lower light intensity under the spruce stand canopy and higher tolerance of beech to shade. Large interspecific differences were also found in the timing of height increment. Specifically, the height increment of beech trees started earlier than those of spruce. Moreover, the terminal grew for longer in spruce (nearly 70 days) compared to beech (about 45 days). The comparisons between the courses of the height increment and the ambient factors suggested that global radiation played a principal role. In the beech stand, the maximum height increment rate occurred during the same days as the maximal global radiation in 2009 and 2011, while a decline of the height increment occurred simultaneously with a depression in global radiation in 2012. As for the spruce stand, its one-peak maxima in height increment were related to the maximum of global radiation in 2009 and in 2012. On the other hand, double-peak courses of height increment in 2010 and 2011 may have been related to sudden declines in global radiation. Interspecific differences in height increment timing might play a certain role in cases of unfavourable weather conditions, e.g. drought episodes in the middle part of the growing season when the height increment would be accomplished in beech but would still be ongoing in spruce. Keywords: Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; terminal growth seasonality; global radiation; precipitation Abstrakt Počas rokov 2009-2013 sme sledovali sezónnu dynamiku výškového prírastku, ako aj celoročný výškový prírastok v bukových a smrekových mladinách rastúcich na totožnom stanovišti. Výsledky naznačili, že medziročné zmeny základných porastových charakteristík, a to najmä hustota porastu, boli výraznejšie v smrečine než v bučine. Omnoho vyššia stromová mortalita v smrečine sa vysvetlila nižšou intenzitou svetla pod korunovou vrstvou smrekov, resp. vyššou toleranciou buka na zatienenie. Veľké medzidruhové rozdiely sa zaznamenali v "načasovaní" výškového prírastku. Konkrétne výškový prírastok bukov začal každoročne skôr ako výškový prírastok smrekov. Ďalej, terminál smrekov rástol dlhšie (približne 70 dní) v porovnaní s bukmi (45 dní). Porovnanie priebehov výškových prírastkov vzhľadom na prostredie naznačilo, že principiálny vplyv mala globálna radiácia. V bučine bola maximálna intenzita výškového prírastku počas dní s maximálnou úrovňou globálnej radiácia, a to v rokoch 2009 a 2011, zároveň pokles intenzity sa objavil simultánne s poklesom globál-nej radiácie počas roku 2012. V smrečine intenzita výškového prírastku predstavovala jednovrcholovú krivku -s najvyššou intenzitou prírastku v dňoch maximálnych hodnôt globálnej radiácie počas 2009 a 2...

show abstract

Preliminary results of soil respiration in beech, spruce and grassy stands

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Testing the relative sensitivity of 102 ecological variables as indicators of woodland condition in the New Forest, UK

Testing the relative sensitivity of 102 ecological variables as indicators of woodland condition in the New Forest, UK

Quantificação das emissões de CO2 pelo solo em áreas sob diferentes estádios de restauração no domínio da mata atlântica

Inter- and intra-annual dynamics of height increment in young beech and spruce stands in relation to tree size and weather conditions

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