Preliminary Pollen Studies at Lake Zeribar, Zagros Mountains, Southwestern Iran

Zeist, W. van; Wright, H. E.

doi:10.1126/science.140.3562.65

Cited by 112 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A bulk radiocarbon date from the base of this core indicated that the sediment was approximately 42000 4C yrs BP. Pollen analyses of cores 63J and 70B were published by van Zeist and Bottema (1977), along with that of 70A below the overlap in the stratigraphy of 63J. The pollen diagrams for Zeribar ( Figure 3) show a clear vegetative sequence for the Lateglacial and Holocene that is also found at four other sites in western Iran and easterm Turkey ( Figure 1).…”

Section: History Of Investigations and Vegetative Settingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Proposed changes in seasonality of climate during the Lateglacial and Holocene at Lake Zeribar, Iran

Wright²,

2001

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Calcareous sediments spanning the last 13 ka fromn I,ake Zeribar, western Iran, were sampled for stable-isotope analysis as a means of augmenting earlier climatic interpretations based on polleni and macrofossils. The Lateglacial period was cold and dry, suLpporting semi-desert vegetation and highly concentrated lake water. Low evaporation rates due to the cold resulted in long residenice times and high lake stands. Durinig the earlv Holocene, the upland vegetation changed to a pistachio-oak savanna as low temperatures and ariditv J ameliorated. Lake level dropped in response to increased evapotranspiration. The low oxygen-isotope values of lacustiine calcite during this period are interpi-eted as a relative increase in the contributioni of winiter moisture rather than overall changes in effective moistuLre. A gradual increase in oak pollen at 7 ka BP signalled the inicrease in effective moisture to levels simiiilar to those of today. At the same tinme the 5`1O values increased.A reflecting a greater percentage of "0-enriched spring rains. Modern values and seasonal distribution of precipi-HOLOCENE tation were established by 6 ka BP. A short-lived return to winter-only precipitation occuiTed at 4.5 ka BP SPECIAL ISSUE and resulted in a temporary increase in anrdity. The covariance among 6'3C, carbonate deposition and 6S'O values suggests that lake productivity is linked to these seasonal climiiatic changes.

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Section: History Of Investigations and Vegetative Settingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Proposed changes in seasonality of climate during the Lateglacial and Holocene at Lake Zeribar, Iran

Wright²,

2001

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“…and most notably from the area of the Zagros Mountains (van Zeist and Bottenma, 1977). Of these recor-ds, the most intensively studied are those of Lake Urmiai from which pollen *Author for coirespondenice (c-mail: h.igriffithrschuat.ac.uk-) (D Arnold 2001 and sedimentological studies have been published (Bottema, 1986;Kelts and Shahrabi, 1986), and Lake Zeribar, from which proxy palaeoclimate records are available based on sediment chemistry (Hutchinson and Cowgill, 1963), pollen (van Zeist and Wright, 1963; van Zeist anid Bottema. 1977;El-Moslimanv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evironmental change in southwestern Iran: the Holocene ostracod fauna of Lake Mirabad

2001

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Ostracod faunal data are presented fromn a sedimenit core taken froml extant Iranian Lake Mirabad. Ostracod fanLnal successions indicate relatively high concentrations of mainly nektonic taxa between c. 9265 and 6505 cal. '4C yr BP, followed by lower concentrations of mainly benthic forms after 6505 cal.BP. These results suggest that lake levels were low during the early Holocene, and that water levels i-ose during midHolocene times, notably after c. 4048 cal. 14C yr BP. These findings confimi and consolidate palaueoclimatic inferences based on previously published pollen diagrams frim the region, btit indicate an apparent timelag between the early to mid-Holocene forest advance and increased lake levels. This may be explained by changes in precipitation/evaporation ratios: the increase in winter precipitation was sufficient to allow the expansioni of arboreal vegetation, but sutmimer evaporation remained high. This also gives support to the idea that the delayed readvance of forests in eastern Turkey anid westerni Iran in the early Holocene was hamiipei-ed by dry HO OC N conditions in the continental interior. The apparently out-of-phase response observed between the palaeoclimate record fromn Lake Mirabad and from other sites in northern Africa, the eastern Mediterranean and Arabia mav ISSUECI be explained by shifting atmospheric circuLlationi pattems and varying amiiplittLides of precipitation as a consequLence of changes in insolation. To promote further ostracod palaeoecological research in the Near East, a checklist of non-marinie Ostracoda known from modem Iran is presented as an appendix.

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“…Oospores of Chara tomentosa were collected from Core 63-J of bottom sediments from Lake Zeribar in Iran (van Zeist & Wright 1963;Hutchinson & Cowgill 1963). Oospores from the core were selected for analysis and kept in hermetically sealed containers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%